Preview deployments broken on v0.29.0: `cannot pass more than 100 arguments to a function`

[colocated]

Describe the bug

On a fresh v0.29.0 install, preview deployments are completely non-functional. A PR triggers preview creation and the GitHub comment appears with status "Building", but the preview never actually starts building — no container is ever created on the server. The preview card in the Dokploy UI is also unusable: Delete fails, Rebuild is permanently greyed out, and Logs / Deployments sub-views also fail.

The deployment record exists in Postgres and the Dokploy log prints ✅ SECURITY: Preview deployment authorized... immediately before the failure, but every subsequent read of the preview crashes with a Postgres error.

Root cause

Drizzle's relational query for hydrating a preview deployment with its nested application → server and application → environment → project relations generates a single json_build_array(...) call for the application row that exceeds Postgres's hard-compiled FUNC_MAX_ARGS = 100 limit. The application table has over 100 columns in v0.29.0 (preview-specific, Swarm, GitHub, GitLab, Gitea, Bitbucket, build config, etc.), so the select-all pattern inside the lateral join is no longer viable.

Error

dokploy.1.7shijo4fybb3@services01    | ✅ SECURITY: Preview deployment authorized for Next.js from user colocated on MyOrg/MyRepository. Permission: admin
dokploy.1.7shijo4fybb3@services01    | Error Error: Failed query: select "previewDeployments"."previewDeploymentId", "previewDeployments"."branch", "previewDeployments"."pullRequestId", "previewDeployments"."pullRequestNumber", "previewDeployments"."pullRequestURL", "previewDeployments"."pullRequestTitle", "previewDeployments"."pullRequestCommentId", "previewDeployments"."previewStatus", "previewDeployments"."appName", "previewDeployments"."applicationId", "previewDeployments"."domainId", "previewDeployments"."createdAt", "previewDeployments"."expiresAt", "previewDeployments_domain"."data" as "domain", "previewDeployments_application"."data" as "application" from "preview_deployments" "previewDeployments" left join lateral (select json_build_array("previewDeployments_domain"."domainId", "previewDeployments_domain"."host", "previewDeployments_domain"."https", "previewDeployments_domain"."port", "previewDeployments_domain"."customEntrypoint", "previewDeployments_domain"."path", "previewDeployments_domain"."serviceName", "previewDeployments_domain"."domainType", "previewDeployments_domain"."uniqueConfigKey", "previewDeployments_domain"."createdAt", "previewDeployments_domain"."composeId", "previewDeployments_domain"."customCertResolver", "previewDeployments_domain"."applicationId", "previewDeployments_domain"."previewDeploymentId", "previewDeployments_domain"."certificateType", "previewDeployments_domain"."internalPath", "previewDeployments_domain"."stripPath", "previewDeployments_domain"."middlewares") as "data" from (select * from "domain" "previewDeployments_domain" where "previewDeployments_domain"."domainId" = "previewDeployments"."domainId" limit $1) "previewDeployments_domain") "previewDeployments_domain" on true left join lateral (select json_build_array("previewDeployments_application"."applicationId", "previewDeployments_application"."name", "previewDeployments_application"."appName", "previewDeployments_application"."description", "previewDeployments_application"."env", "previewDeployments_application"."previewEnv", "previewDeployments_application"."watchPaths", "previewDeployments_application"."previewBuildArgs", "previewDeployments_application"."previewBuildSecrets", "previewDeployments_application"."previewLabels", "previewDeployments_application"."previewWildcard", "previewDeployments_application"."previewPort", "previewDeployments_application"."previewHttps", "previewDeployments_application"."previewPath", "previewDeployments_application"."certificateType", "previewDeployments_application"."previewCustomCertResolver", "previewDeployments_application"."previewLimit", "previewDeployments_application"."isPreviewDeploymentsActive", "previewDeployments_application"."previewRequireCollaboratorPermissions", "previewDeployments_application"."rollbackActive", "previewDeployments_application"."buildArgs", "previewDeployments_application"."buildSecrets", "previewDeployments_application"."memoryReservation", "previewDeployments_application"."memoryLimit", "previewDeployments_application"."cpuReservation", "previewDeployments_application"."cpuLimit", "previewDeployments_application"."title", "previewDeployments_application"."enabled", "previewDeployments_application"."subtitle", "previewDeployments_application"."command", "previewDeployments_application"."args", "previewDeployments_application"."icon", "previewDeployments_application"."refreshToken", "previewDeployments_application"."sourceType", "previewDeployments_application"."cleanCache", "previewDeployments_application"."repository", "previewDeployments_application"."owner", "previewDeployments_application"."branch", "previewDeployments_application"."buildPath", "previewDeployments_application"."triggerType", "previewDeployments_application"."autoDeploy", "previewDeployments_application"."gitlabProjectId", "previewDeployments_application"."gitlabRepository", "previewDeployments_application"."gitlabOwner", "previewDeployments_application"."gitlabBranch", "previewDeployments_application"."gitlabBuildPath", "previewDeployments_application"."gitlabPathNamespace", "previewDeployments_application"."giteaRepository", "previewDeployments_application"."giteaOwner", "previewDeployments_application"."giteaBranch", "previewDeployments_application"."giteaBuildPath", "previewDeployments_application"."bitbucketRepository", "previewDeployments_application"."bitbucketRepositorySlug", "previewDeployments_application"."bitbucketOwner", "previewDeployments_application"."bitbucketBranch", "previewDeployments_application"."bitbucketBuildPath", "previewDeployments_application"."username", "previewDeployments_application"."password", "previewDeployments_application"."dockerImage", "previewDeployments_application"."registryUrl", "previewDeployments_application"."customGitUrl", "previewDeployments_application"."customGitBranch", "previewDeployments_application"."customGitBuildPath", "previewDeployments_application"."customGitSSHKeyId", "previewDeployments_application"."enableSubmodules", "previewDeployments_application"."dockerfile", "previewDeployments_application"."dockerContextPath", "previewDeployments_application"."dockerBuildStage", "previewDeployments_application"."dropBuildPath", "previewDeployments_application"."healthCheckSwarm", "previewDeployments_application"."restartPolicySwarm", "previewDeployments_application"."placementSwarm", "previewDeployments_application"."updateConfigSwarm", "previewDeployments_application"."rollbackConfigSwarm", "previewDeployments_application"."modeSwarm", "previewDeployments_application"."labelsSwarm", "previewDeployments_application"."networkSwarm", "previewDeployments_application"."stopGracePeriodSwarm", "previewDeployments_application"."endpointSpecSwarm", "previewDeployments_application"."ulimitsSwarm", "previewDeployments_application"."replicas", "previewDeployments_application"."applicationStatus", "previewDeployments_application"."buildType", "previewDeployments_application"."railpackVersion", "previewDeployments_application"."herokuVersion", "previewDeployments_application"."publishDirectory", "previewDeployments_application"."isStaticSpa", "previewDeployments_application"."createEnvFile", "previewDeployments_application"."createdAt", "previewDeployments_application"."registryId", "previewDeployments_application"."rollbackRegistryId", "previewDeployments_application"."environmentId", "previewDeployments_application"."githubId", "previewDeployments_application"."gitlabId", "previewDeployments_application"."giteaId", "previewDeployments_application"."bitbucketId", "previewDeployments_application"."serverId", "previewDeployments_application"."buildServerId", "previewDeployments_application"."buildRegistryId", "previewDeployments_application_server"."data", "previewDeployments_application_environment"."data") as "data" from (select * from "application" "previewDeployments_application" where "previewDeployments_application"."applicationId" = "previewDeployments"."applicationId" limit $2) "previewDeployments_application" left join lateral (select json_build_array("previewDeployments_application_server"."serverId", "previewDeployments_application_server"."name", "previewDeployments_application_server"."description", "previewDeployments_application_server"."ipAddress", "previewDeployments_application_server"."port", "previewDeployments_application_server"."username", "previewDeployments_application_server"."appName", "previewDeployments_application_server"."enableDockerCleanup", "previewDeployments_application_server"."createdAt", "previewDeployments_application_server"."organizationId", "previewDeployments_application_server"."serverStatus", "previewDeployments_application_server"."serverType", "previewDeployments_application_server"."command", "previewDeployments_application_server"."sshKeyId", "previewDeployments_application_server"."metricsConfig") as "data" from (select * from "server" "previewDeployments_application_server" where "previewDeployments_application_server"."serverId" = "previewDeployments_application"."serverId" limit $3) "previewDeployments_application_server") "previewDeployments_application_server" on true left join lateral (select json_build_array("previewDeployments_application_environment"."environmentId", "previewDeployments_application_environment"."name", "previewDeployments_application_environment"."description", "previewDeployments_application_environment"."createdAt", "previewDeployments_application_environment"."env", "previewDeployments_application_environment"."projectId", "previewDeployments_application_environment"."isDefault", "previewDeployments_application_environment_project"."data") as "data" from (select * from "environment" "previewDeployments_application_environment" where "previewDeployments_application_environment"."environmentId" = "previewDeployments_application"."environmentId" limit $4) "previewDeployments_application_environment" left join lateral (select json_build_array("previewDeployments_application_environment_project"."projectId", "previewDeployments_application_environment_project"."name", "previewDeployments_application_environment_project"."description", "previewDeployments_application_environment_project"."createdAt", "previewDeployments_application_environment_project"."organizationId", "previewDeployments_application_environment_project"."env") as "data" from (select * from "project" "previewDeployments_application_environment_project" where "previewDeployments_application_environment_project"."projectId" = "previewDeployments_application_environment"."projectId" limit $5) "previewDeployments_application_environment_project") "previewDeployments_application_environment_project" on true) "previewDeployments_application_environment" on true) "previewDeployments_application" on true where "previewDeployments"."previewDeploymentId" = $6 limit $7
dokploy.1.7shijo4fybb3@services01    | params: 1,1,1,1,1,GG-t09ZME3yxj6JwsTKIb,1
dokploy.1.7shijo4fybb3@services01    |     at async PR.TR.autorun [as processFn] (dist/server.mjs:1:1657) {
dokploy.1.7shijo4fybb3@services01    |   query: 'select "previewDeployments"."previewDeploymentId", "previewDeployments"."branch", "previewDeployments"."pullRequestId", "previewDeployments"."pullRequestNumber", "previewDeployments"."pullRequestURL", "previewDeployments"."pullRequestTitle", "previewDeployments"."pullRequestCommentId", "previewDeployments"."previewStatus", "previewDeployments"."appName", "previewDeployments"."applicationId", "previewDeployments"."domainId", "previewDeployments"."createdAt", "previewDeployments"."expiresAt", "previewDeployments_domain"."data" as "domain", "previewDeployments_application"."data" as "application" from "preview_deployments" "previewDeployments" left join lateral (select json_build_array("previewDeployments_domain"."domainId", "previewDeployments_domain"."host", "previewDeployments_domain"."https", "previewDeployments_domain"."port", "previewDeployments_domain"."customEntrypoint", "previewDeployments_domain"."path", "previewDeployments_domain"."serviceName", "previewDeployments_domain"."domainType", "previewDeployments_domain"."uniqueConfigKey", "previewDeployments_domain"."createdAt", "previewDeployments_domain"."composeId", "previewDeployments_domain"."customCertResolver", "previewDeployments_domain"."applicationId", "previewDeployments_domain"."previewDeploymentId", "previewDeployments_domain"."certificateType", "previewDeployments_domain"."internalPath", "previewDeployments_domain"."stripPath", "previewDeployments_domain"."middlewares") as "data" from (select * from "domain" "previewDeployments_domain" where "previewDeployments_domain"."domainId" = "previewDeployments"."domainId" limit $1) "previewDeployments_domain") "previewDeployments_domain" on true left join lateral (select json_build_array("previewDeployments_application"."applicationId", "previewDeployments_application"."name", "previewDeployments_application"."appName", "previewDeployments_application"."description", "previewDeployments_application"."env", "previewDeployments_application"."previewEnv", "previewDeployments_application"."watchPaths", "previewDeployments_application"."previewBuildArgs", "previewDeployments_application"."previewBuildSecrets", "previewDeployments_application"."previewLabels", "previewDeployments_application"."previewWildcard", "previewDeployments_application"."previewPort", "previewDeployments_application"."previewHttps", "previewDeployments_application"."previewPath", "previewDeployments_application"."certificateType", "previewDeployments_application"."previewCustomCertResolver", "previewDeployments_application"."previewLimit", "previewDeployments_application"."isPreviewDeploymentsActive", "previewDeployments_application"."previewRequireCollaboratorPermissions", "previewDeployments_application"."rollbackActive", "previewDeployments_application"."buildArgs", "previewDeployments_application"."buildSecrets", "previewDeployments_application"."memoryReservation", "previewDeployments_application"."memoryLimit", "previewDeployments_application"."cpuReservation", "previewDeployments_application"."cpuLimit", "previewDeployments_application"."title", "previewDeployments_application"."enabled", "previewDeployments_application"."subtitle", "previewDeployments_application"."command", "previewDeployments_application"."args", "previewDeployments_application"."icon", "previewDeployments_application"."refreshToken", "previewDeployments_application"."sourceType", "previewDeployments_application"."cleanCache", "previewDeployments_application"."repository", "previewDeployments_application"."owner", "previewDeployments_application"."branch", "previewDeployments_application"."buildPath", "previewDeployments_application"."triggerType", "previewDeployments_application"."autoDeploy", "previewDeployments_application"."gitlabProjectId", "previewDeployments_application"."gitlabRepository", "previewDeployments_application"."gitlabOwner", "previewDeployments_application"."gitlabBranch", "previewDeployments_application"."gitlabBuildPath", "previewDeployments_application"."gitlabPathNamespace", "previewDeployments_application"."giteaRepository", "previewDeployments_application"."giteaOwner", "previewDeployments_application"."giteaBranch", "previewDeployments_application"."giteaBuildPath", "previewDeployments_application"."bitbucketRepository", "previewDeployments_application"."bitbucketRepositorySlug", "previewDeployments_application"."bitbucketOwner", "previewDeployments_application"."bitbucketBranch", "previewDeployments_application"."bitbucketBuildPath", "previewDeployments_application"."username", "previewDeployments_application"."password", "previewDeployments_application"."dockerImage", "previewDeployments_application"."registryUrl", "previewDeployments_application"."customGitUrl", "previewDeployments_application"."customGitBranch", "previewDeployments_application"."customGitBuildPath", "previewDeployments_application"."customGitSSHKeyId", "previewDeployments_application"."enableSubmodules", "previewDeployments_application"."dockerfile", "previewDeployments_application"."dockerContextPath", "previewDeployments_application"."dockerBuildStage", "previewDeployments_application"."dropBuildPath", "previewDeployments_application"."healthCheckSwarm", "previewDeployments_application"."restartPolicySwarm", "previewDeployments_application"."placementSwarm", "previewDeployments_application"."updateConfigSwarm", "previewDeployments_application"."rollbackConfigSwarm", "previewDeployments_application"."modeSwarm", "previewDeployments_application"."labelsSwarm", "previewDeployments_application"."networkSwarm", "previewDeployments_application"."stopGracePeriodSwarm", "previewDeployments_application"."endpointSpecSwarm", "previewDeployments_application"."ulimitsSwarm", "previewDeployments_application"."replicas", "previewDeployments_application"."applicationStatus", "previewDeployments_application"."buildType", "previewDeployments_application"."railpackVersion", "previewDeployments_application"."herokuVersion", "previewDeployments_application"."publishDirectory", "previewDeployments_application"."isStaticSpa", "previewDeployments_application"."createEnvFile", "previewDeployments_application"."createdAt", "previewDeployments_application"."registryId", "previewDeployments_application"."rollbackRegistryId", "previewDeployments_application"."environmentId", "previewDeployments_application"."githubId", "previewDeployments_application"."gitlabId", "previewDeployments_application"."giteaId", "previewDeployments_application"."bitbucketId", "previewDeployments_application"."serverId", "previewDeployments_application"."buildServerId", "previewDeployments_application"."buildRegistryId", "previewDeployments_application_server"."data", "previewDeployments_application_environment"."data") as "data" from (select * from "application" "previewDeployments_application" where "previewDeployments_application"."applicationId" = "previewDeployments"."applicationId" limit $2) "previewDeployments_application" left join lateral (select json_build_array("previewDeployments_application_server"."serverId", "previewDeployments_application_server"."name", "previewDeployments_application_server"."description", "previewDeployments_application_server"."ipAddress", "previewDeployments_application_server"."port", "previewDeployments_application_server"."username", "previewDeployments_application_server"."appName", "previewDeployments_application_server"."enableDockerCleanup", "previewDeployments_application_server"."createdAt", "previewDeployments_application_server"."organizationId", "previewDeployments_application_server"."serverStatus", "previewDeployments_application_server"."serverType", "previewDeployments_application_server"."command", "previewDeployments_application_server"."sshKeyId", "previewDeployments_application_server"."metricsConfig") as "data" from (select * from "server" "previewDeployments_application_server" where "previewDeployments_application_server"."serverId" = "previewDeployments_application"."serverId" limit $3) "previewDeployments_application_server") "previewDeployments_application_server" on true left join lateral (select json_build_array("previewDeployments_application_environment"."environmentId", "previewDeployments_application_environment"."name", "previewDeployments_application_environment"."description", "previewDeployments_application_environment"."createdAt", "previewDeployments_application_environment"."env", "previewDeployments_application_environment"."projectId", "previewDeployments_application_environment"."isDefault", "previewDeployments_application_environment_project"."data") as "data" from (select * from "environment" "previewDeployments_application_environment" where "previewDeployments_application_environment"."environmentId" = "previewDeployments_application"."environmentId" limit $4) "previewDeployments_application_environment" left join lateral (select json_build_array("previewDeployments_application_environment_project"."projectId", "previewDeployments_application_environment_project"."name", "previewDeployments_application_environment_project"."description", "previewDeployments_application_environment_project"."createdAt", "previewDeployments_application_environment_project"."organizationId", "previewDeployments_application_environment_project"."env") as "data" from (select * from "project" "previewDeployments_application_environment_project" where "previewDeployments_application_environment_project"."projectId" = "previewDeployments_application_environment"."projectId" limit $5) "previewDeployments_application_environment_project") "previewDeployments_application_environment_project" on true) "previewDeployments_application_environment" on true) "previewDeployments_application" on true where "previewDeployments"."previewDeploymentId" = $6 limit $7',
dokploy.1.7shijo4fybb3@services01    |   params: [ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 'GG-t09ZME3yxj6JwsTKIb', 1 ],
dokploy.1.7shijo4fybb3@services01    |   [cause]: Error [PostgresError]: cannot pass more than 100 arguments to a function
dokploy.1.7shijo4fybb3@services01    |       at ignore-listed frames {
dokploy.1.7shijo4fybb3@services01    |     severity_local: 'ERROR',
dokploy.1.7shijo4fybb3@services01    |     severity: 'ERROR',
dokploy.1.7shijo4fybb3@services01    |     code: '54023',
dokploy.1.7shijo4fybb3@services01    |     position: '1708',
dokploy.1.7shijo4fybb3@services01    |     file: 'parse_func.c',
dokploy.1.7shijo4fybb3@services01    |     line: '136',
dokploy.1.7shijo4fybb3@services01    |     routine: 'ParseFuncOrColumn'
dokploy.1.7shijo4fybb3@services01    |   }
dokploy.1.7shijo4fybb3@services01    | }

To reproduce

1. Fresh install of Dokploy v0.29.0.
2. Create a GitHub-sourced Application.
3. Enable Preview Deployments on that Application.
4. Open a PR against the configured target branch.
5. Preview is created in the UI with status "Building".
6. Nothing happens server-side; docker service ls shows no preview service.
7. Any action on the preview card (Delete, Rebuild, Logs) fails silently in the UI; server log shows the 54023 error.

Suggested fix

Inside the preview deployment hydration query, explicitly select only the columns needed on the application relation via Drizzle's columns: { ... } selector, rather than pulling the full row. Alternatively, split the hydration into separate queries instead of one nested relational query. The 100-arg limit is compiled into Postgres and not configurable.

Impact

Preview deployments are entirely unusable on v0.29.0. Affects every install with >100 columns on application, which is every install.

Environment

• Dokploy version: v0.29.0 (fresh install from today)
• Postgres: 16 (official postgres:16 image, as shipped)
• Deployment method: Docker Swarm
• OS: Debian 13
• VPS: 4c8g OVH Instance

[dosubot]

Hi @colocated! I'm Dosu and I’m helping the dokploy team.

This is a confirmed architectural issue. The application table has exactly 100 columns [1], which is right at PostgreSQL's hard FUNC_MAX_ARGS = 100 limit. When Drizzle ORM compiles relational queries with nested with clauses, it passes every column as an argument to json_build_array(), which triggers the crash.

The specific preview deployment query causing your error is here — it loads the full application table with nested server and environment → project relations via with: { application: { with: { server: true, environment: { with: { project: true } } } } }, creating a 4-level deep nested query that exceeds the limit.

PR #4240 [2] already documents this constraint explicitly:

"the application table already has 99 columns on canary, and Postgres caps json_build_array() at 100 arguments. Drizzle's relational with query on the project-listing page compiles every column of every nested relation into that call, so adding two columns would push the tree past the 100-arg limit and crash the home page."

That PR is still open/unmerged, and no merged fix exists for this yet.

Potential fix approaches already demonstrated in the codebase:

1. Selective column fetching — explicitly select only required columns instead of select *. PR #3857 already applied this pattern elsewhere.
2. Raw SQL joins — replace Drizzle's relational API with explicit join queries. PR 🚀 Release v0.28.2 #3845 did this for getTrustedOrigins.
3. Schema normalization — break the monolithic application table into related sub-tables (per provider, per feature domain, etc.).

For the preview deployment query specifically, the fix would involve replacing application: { with: { server: true, environment: ... } } with either explicit column selection or a raw join query that doesn't funnel everything through json_build_array().

To reply, just mention @dosu.

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