chore(bigquery): bump pyarrow to 24.0.0 to fix dependabot alert (#14392)

* chore(bigquery): bump pyarrow to 24.0.0 to fix dependabot alert

 - Bumped `pyarrow` to 24.0.0 in `bigquery/bqml`, `bigquery/pandas-gbq-migration`, and `bigquery_storage/to_dataframe` to address a Dependabot vulnerability.
 - Simplified dependency entries by removing Python version constraints for `pyarrow`.

* Remove === from requirements file for regular ==

Author: XrossFox

bigquery/bqml/requirements.txt

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ google-cloud-bigquery[pandas,bqstorage]==3.27.0
 google-cloud-bigquery-storage==2.27.0
 pandas==2.0.3; python_version == '3.8'
 pandas==2.2.3; python_version > '3.8'
-pyarrow==17.0.0; python_version <= '3.8'
-pyarrow==20.0.0; python_version > '3.9'
+pyarrow==24.0.0
 flaky==3.8.1
 mock==5.1.0

bigquery/pandas-gbq-migration/requirements.txt

@@ -5,5 +5,4 @@ pandas==2.2.3; python_version > '3.8'
 pandas-gbq==0.24.0
 grpcio==1.70.0; python_version == '3.8'
 grpcio==1.74.0; python_version > '3.8'
-pyarrow==17.0.0; python_version <= '3.8'
-pyarrow==20.0.0; python_version > '3.9'
+pyarrow==24.0.0

bigquery_storage/to_dataframe/requirements.txt

@@ -1,19 +1,17 @@
 google-auth==2.40.3
 google-cloud-bigquery-storage==2.32.0
-google-cloud-bigquery===3.30.0; python_version <= '3.8'
+google-cloud-bigquery==3.30.0; python_version <= '3.8'
 google-cloud-bigquery==3.35.1; python_version >= '3.9'
-pyarrow===12.0.1; python_version == '3.7'
-pyarrow===17.0.0; python_version == '3.8'
-pyarrow==21.0.0; python_version >= '3.9'
-ipython===7.31.1; python_version == '3.7'
-ipython===8.10.0; python_version == '3.8'
-ipython===8.18.1; python_version == '3.9'
-ipython===8.33.0; python_version == '3.10'
+pyarrow==24.0.0
+ipython==7.31.1; python_version == '3.7'
+ipython==8.10.0; python_version == '3.8'
+ipython==8.18.1; python_version == '3.9'
+ipython==8.33.0; python_version == '3.10'
 ipython==9.4.0; python_version >= '3.11'
 ipywidgets==8.1.7
-pandas===1.3.5; python_version == '3.7'
-pandas===2.0.3; python_version == '3.8'
+pandas==1.3.5; python_version == '3.7'
+pandas==2.0.3; python_version == '3.8'
 pandas==2.3.1; python_version >= '3.9'
 tqdm==4.67.1
-db-dtypes===1.4.2; python_version <= '3.8'
+db-dtypes==1.4.2; python_version <= '3.8'
 db-dtypes==1.4.3; python_version >= '3.9'