diff --git a/components/ILIAS/Init/classes/ErrorHandling/Http/ErrorPageResponder.php b/components/ILIAS/Init/classes/ErrorHandling/Http/ErrorPageResponder.php
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..e3e6c12a9f3a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/components/ILIAS/Init/classes/ErrorHandling/Http/ErrorPageResponder.php
@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+<?php
+
+/**
+ * This file is part of ILIAS, a powerful learning management system
+ * published by ILIAS open source e-Learning e.V.
+ *
+ * ILIAS is licensed with the GPL-3.0,
+ * see https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.en.html
+ * You should have received a copy of said license along with the
+ * source code, too.
+ *
+ * If this is not the case or you just want to try ILIAS, you'll find
+ * us at:
+ * https://www.ilias.de
+ * https://github.com/ILIAS-eLearning
+ *
+ *********************************************************************/
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace ILIAS\Init\ErrorHandling\Http;
+
+use ilUtil;
+use Throwable;
+use DateTimeZone;
+use PDOException;
+use ilGlobalTemplate;
+use DateTimeImmutable;
+use ILIAS\DI\Container;
+use ILIAS\HTTP\StatusCode;
+use ILIAS\HTTP\Response\ResponseHeader;
+
+class ErrorPageResponder
+{
+    public function handleError(
+        Container $dic,
+        int $http_status_code,
+        ?string $error_lang_key = null,
+        ?string $link_url = null,
+        ?string $link_lang_key = null
+    ): void {
+        $dic->globalScreen()->tool()->context()->claim()->external();
+
+        $dic->language()->loadLanguageModule('error');
+
+        $local_tpl = new ilGlobalTemplate('tpl.error.html', true, true);
+
+        if ($error_lang_key !== null) {
+            $local_tpl->setCurrentBlock('msg_box');
+            $local_tpl->setVariable(
+                'MESSAGE_BOX',
+                $dic->ui()->renderer()->render(
+                    $dic->ui()->factory()->messageBox()->failure(
+                        $dic->language()->txt($error_lang_key)
+                    )
+                )
+            );
+            $local_tpl->parseCurrentBlock();
+        }
+
+        if ($link_url !== null && $link_lang_key !== null) {
+            $local_tpl->setCurrentBlock('ErrorLink');
+            $local_tpl->setVariable('TXT_LINK', $dic->language()->txt($link_lang_key));
+            $local_tpl->setVariable('LINK', ilUtil::secureUrl($link_url));
+            $local_tpl->parseCurrentBlock();
+        }
+
+        $dic->http()->saveResponse(
+            $dic->http()
+                ->response()
+                ->withStatus($http_status_code)
+                ->withHeader(ResponseHeader::CONTENT_TYPE, 'text/html')
+        );
+
+        $dic->ui()->mainTemplate()->setContent($local_tpl->get());
+        $dic->ui()->mainTemplate()->printToStdout();
+
+        $dic->http()->close();
+    }
+
+    public function sendFallbackResponse(Throwable $e): never
+    {
+        if (defined('DEVMODE') && DEVMODE) {
+            throw $e;
+        }
+
+        if (!headers_sent()) {
+            http_response_code(StatusCode::HTTP_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
+            header('Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8');
+        }
+
+        $incident_id = session_id() . '_' . (new \Random\Randomizer())->getInt(1, 9999);
+        $timestamp = (new DateTimeImmutable())
+            ->setTimezone(new DateTimeZone('UTC'))
+            ->format('Y-m-d\TH:i:s\Z');
+
+        echo "Internal Server Error\n";
+        echo "Incident: $incident_id\n";
+        echo "Timestamp: $timestamp\n";
+
+        if ($e instanceof PDOException) {
+            echo "Message: A database error occurred. Please contact the system administrator with the incident id.\n";
+        } else {
+            echo "Message: {$e->getMessage()}\n";
+        }
+
+        error_log(sprintf(
+            "[%s] INCIDENT %s — Uncaught %s: %s in %s:%d\nStack trace:\n%s\n",
+            $timestamp,
+            $incident_id,
+            get_class($e),
+            $e->getMessage(),
+            $e->getFile(),
+            $e->getLine(),
+            $e->getTraceAsString()
+        ));
+
+        exit(1);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/components/ILIAS/Init/resources/error.php b/components/ILIAS/Init/resources/error.php
index 2f537c794b78..6aa4300d89bb 100644
--- a/components/ILIAS/Init/resources/error.php
+++ b/components/ILIAS/Init/resources/error.php
@@ -20,73 +20,27 @@
 
 namespace ILIAS\Init;
 
+use ilSession;
+use Throwable;
+use ILIAS\HTTP\StatusCode;
+use ILIAS\Init\ErrorHandling\Http\ErrorPageResponder;
+
 try {
     require_once '../vendor/composer/vendor/autoload.php';
 
     require_once __DIR__ . '/../artifacts/bootstrap_default.php';
     entry_point('ILIAS Legacy Initialisation Adapter');
 
-    $DIC->globalScreen()->tool()->context()->claim()->external();
-
-    $lng->loadLanguageModule('error');
-    $txt = $lng->txt('error_back_to_repository');
-
-    $local_tpl = new \ilGlobalTemplate('tpl.error.html', true, true);
-    $local_tpl->setCurrentBlock('ErrorLink');
-    $local_tpl->setVariable('TXT_LINK', $txt);
-    $local_tpl->setVariable('LINK', \ilUtil::secureUrl(ILIAS_HTTP_PATH . '/ilias.php?baseClass=ilRepositoryGUI'));
-    $local_tpl->parseCurrentBlock();
-
     \ilSession::clear('referer');
     \ilSession::clear('message');
 
-    $DIC->http()->saveResponse(
-        $DIC->http()
-            ->response()
-            ->withStatus(500)
-            ->withHeader(\ILIAS\HTTP\Response\ResponseHeader::CONTENT_TYPE, 'text/html')
+    (new ErrorPageResponder())->handleError(
+        $DIC,
+        StatusCode::HTTP_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,
+        null,
+        ILIAS_HTTP_PATH . '/ilias.php?baseClass=ilRepositoryGUI',
+        'error_back_to_repository'
     );
-
-    $tpl->setContent($local_tpl->get());
-    $tpl->printToStdout();
-
-    $DIC->http()->close();
-} catch (\Throwable $e) {
-    if (\defined('DEVMODE') && DEVMODE) {
-        throw $e;
-    }
-
-    /*
-     * Since we are already in the `error.php` and an unexpected error occurred, we should not rely on the $DIC or any
-     * other components here and use "Vanilla PHP" instead to handle the error.
-     */
-    if (!headers_sent()) {
-        http_response_code(500);
-        header('Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8');
-    }
-
-    $incident_id = session_id() . '_' . (new \Random\Randomizer())->getInt(1, 9999);
-    $timestamp = (new \DateTimeImmutable())->setTimezone(new \DateTimeZone('UTC'))->format('Y-m-d\TH:i:s\Z');
-
-    echo "Internal Server Error\n";
-    echo "Incident: $incident_id\n";
-    echo "Timestamp: $timestamp\n";
-    if ($e instanceof \PDOException) {
-        echo "Message: A database error occurred. Please contact the system administrator with the incident id.\n";
-    } else {
-        echo "Message: {$e->getMessage()}\n";
-    }
-
-    error_log(\sprintf(
-        "[%s] INCIDENT %s — Uncaught %s: %s in %s:%d\nStack trace:\n%s\n",
-        $timestamp,
-        $incident_id,
-        \get_class($e),
-        $e->getMessage(),
-        $e->getFile(),
-        $e->getLine(),
-        $e->getTraceAsString()
-    ));
-
-    exit(1);
+} catch (Throwable $e) {
+    (new ErrorPageResponder())->sendFallbackResponse($e);
 }
diff --git a/components/ILIAS/Init/resources/ilias.php b/components/ILIAS/Init/resources/ilias.php
index b331a6b6e2c1..be92ccbe69ef 100644
--- a/components/ILIAS/Init/resources/ilias.php
+++ b/components/ILIAS/Init/resources/ilias.php
@@ -18,6 +18,9 @@
 
 declare(strict_types=1);
 
+use ILIAS\HTTP\StatusCode;
+use ILIAS\Init\ErrorHandling\Http\ErrorPageResponder;
+
 if (!file_exists('../ilias.ini.php')) {
     die('The ILIAS setup is not completed. Please run the setup routine.');
 }
@@ -36,14 +39,16 @@
         throw $e;
     }
 
-    if (!str_contains($e->getMessage(), 'not given a baseclass') &&
-        !str_contains($e->getMessage(), 'not a baseclass')) {
-        throw new RuntimeException(sprintf('ilCtrl could not dispatch request: %s', $e->getMessage()), 0, $e);
-    }
-
     $DIC->logger()->root()->error($e->getMessage());
     $DIC->logger()->root()->error($e->getTraceAsString());
-    $DIC->ctrl()->redirectToURL(ilUtil::_getHttpPath());
+
+    (new ErrorPageResponder())->handleError(
+        $DIC,
+        StatusCode::HTTP_NOT_FOUND,
+        'http_404_not_found',
+        ILIAS_HTTP_PATH . '/ilias.php?baseClass=ilRepositoryGUI',
+        'error_back_to_repository'
+    );
 }
 
 $DIC['ilBench']->save();
diff --git a/components/ILIAS/UICore/classes/Path/class.ilCtrlExistingPath.php b/components/ILIAS/UICore/classes/Path/class.ilCtrlExistingPath.php
index c777bdb1ed4f..f9566e9c18b0 100755
--- a/components/ILIAS/UICore/classes/Path/class.ilCtrlExistingPath.php
+++ b/components/ILIAS/UICore/classes/Path/class.ilCtrlExistingPath.php
@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@
 
 declare(strict_types=1);
 
+use ILIAS\UICore\Exceptions\ilCtrlPathException;
+
 /**
  * Class ilCtrlExistingPath
  *
@@ -56,7 +58,7 @@ protected function ensureValidCidPath(): void
             $child_class = $this->structure->getClassNameByCid($child_cid);
             $allowed_children = $this->structure->getChildrenByCid($parent_cid) ?? [];
             if (null === $child_class || !in_array($child_class, $allowed_children, true)) {
-                throw new RuntimeException('ilCtrl: invalid ' . ilCtrlInterface::PARAM_CID_PATH . ' parameter requested.');
+                throw new ilCtrlPathException('ilCtrl: invalid ' . ilCtrlInterface::PARAM_CID_PATH . ' parameter requested.');
             }
         }
     }
diff --git a/components/ILIAS/UICore/exceptions/ilCtrlPathException.php b/components/ILIAS/UICore/exceptions/ilCtrlPathException.php
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..10a5c4d60259
--- /dev/null
+++ b/components/ILIAS/UICore/exceptions/ilCtrlPathException.php
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+<?php
+
+/**
+ * This file is part of ILIAS, a powerful learning management system
+ * published by ILIAS open source e-Learning e.V.
+ *
+ * ILIAS is licensed with the GPL-3.0,
+ * see https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.en.html
+ * You should have received a copy of said license along with the
+ * source code, too.
+ *
+ * If this is not the case or you just want to try ILIAS, you'll find
+ * us at:
+ * https://www.ilias.de
+ * https://github.com/ILIAS-eLearning
+ *
+ *********************************************************************/
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace ILIAS\UICore\Exceptions;
+
+use ilCtrlException;
+
+/**
+ * Thrown when ilCtrl encounters an invalid or unresolvable CID path during
+ * request dispatching
+ */
+class ilCtrlPathException extends ilCtrlException
+{
+}
diff --git a/lang/ilias_de.lang b/lang/ilias_de.lang
index 588f6cedd46d..6514ad9d76cb 100644
--- a/lang/ilias_de.lang
+++ b/lang/ilias_de.lang
@@ -9217,6 +9217,8 @@ ecs#:#ecs_wiki_export_enabled#:#Freigeben
 ecs#:#ecs_wiki_export_obj_settings#:#Einstellungen für Wikifreigaben
 error#:#error_back_to_repository#:#Zurück zum Magazin
 error#:#error_sry_error#:#Es ist leider ein Fehler aufgetreten.
+error#:#http_404_not_found#:#Die angeforderte Seite wurde nicht gefunden.
+error#:#http_500_internal_server_error#:#Es ist ein interner Serverfehler aufgetreten.
 etal#:#appointments#:#Sitzungen
 etal#:#cal_type_tals#:#Gespräche
 etal#:#change_date_of_series#:#Gesprächsserie anpassen
diff --git a/lang/ilias_en.lang b/lang/ilias_en.lang
index 06c2a6135ee2..da70cdbc76f1 100644
--- a/lang/ilias_en.lang
+++ b/lang/ilias_en.lang
@@ -9190,6 +9190,8 @@ ecs#:#ecs_wiki_export_enabled#:#Release this Wiki
 ecs#:#ecs_wiki_export_obj_settings#:#Wiki Release Settings
 error#:#error_back_to_repository#:#Back to Repository
 error#:#error_sry_error#:#Sorry, an error occurred.
+error#:#http_404_not_found#:#The requested page could not be found.
+error#:#http_500_internal_server_error#:#An internal server error occurred.
 etal#:#appointments#:#Appointments
 etal#:#cal_type_tals#:#Talks
 etal#:#change_date_of_series#:#Change date of talk series
diff --git a/templates/default/tpl.error.html b/templates/default/tpl.error.html
index 13aab08a6d16..1a82f0db8057 100755
--- a/templates/default/tpl.error.html
+++ b/templates/default/tpl.error.html
@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+<!-- BEGIN msg_box -->
+{MESSAGE_BOX}
+<!-- END msg_box -->
 <!-- BEGIN ErrorLink -->
 <!-- additional link e.g. by WebAccessChecker -->
 <p>