diff --git a/.changeset/clever-auth-status.md b/.changeset/clever-auth-status.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..213d790a46f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changeset/clever-auth-status.md
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+---
+'@shopify/cli': minor
+'@shopify/cli-kit': minor
+---
+
+Add `shopify auth status` with JSON output for checking Shopify CLI account authentication.
diff --git a/docs-shopify.dev/commands/interfaces/auth-status.interface.ts b/docs-shopify.dev/commands/interfaces/auth-status.interface.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1ad894810ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs-shopify.dev/commands/interfaces/auth-status.interface.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// This is an autogenerated file. Don't edit this file manually.
+/**
+ * The following flags are available for the `auth status` command:
+ * @publicDocs
+ */
+export interface authstatus {
+  /**
+   * Output the result as JSON. Automatically disables color output.
+   * @environment SHOPIFY_FLAG_JSON
+   */
+  '-j, --json'?: ''
+}
diff --git a/docs-shopify.dev/generated/generated_docs_data_v2.json b/docs-shopify.dev/generated/generated_docs_data_v2.json
index 4965084de82..ffcffb0094f 100644
--- a/docs-shopify.dev/generated/generated_docs_data_v2.json
+++ b/docs-shopify.dev/generated/generated_docs_data_v2.json
@@ -2607,6 +2607,26 @@
       "value": "export interface authlogout {\n\n}"
     }
   },
+  "authstatus": {
+    "docs-shopify.dev/commands/interfaces/auth-status.interface.ts": {
+      "filePath": "docs-shopify.dev/commands/interfaces/auth-status.interface.ts",
+      "name": "authstatus",
+      "description": "The following flags are available for the `auth status` command:",
+      "isPublicDocs": true,
+      "members": [
+        {
+          "filePath": "docs-shopify.dev/commands/interfaces/auth-status.interface.ts",
+          "syntaxKind": "PropertySignature",
+          "name": "-j, --json",
+          "value": "''",
+          "description": "Output the result as JSON. Automatically disables color output.",
+          "isOptional": true,
+          "environmentValue": "SHOPIFY_FLAG_JSON"
+        }
+      ],
+      "value": "export interface authstatus {\n  /**\n   * Output the result as JSON. Automatically disables color output.\n   * @environment SHOPIFY_FLAG_JSON\n   */\n  '-j, --json'?: ''\n}"
+    }
+  },
   "commands": {
     "docs-shopify.dev/commands/interfaces/commands.interface.ts": {
       "filePath": "docs-shopify.dev/commands/interfaces/commands.interface.ts",
diff --git a/packages/cli-kit/src/public/node/session-auth-status.test.ts b/packages/cli-kit/src/public/node/session-auth-status.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..adc3fd75b3b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/cli-kit/src/public/node/session-auth-status.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+import {getAuthStatus} from './session.js'
+import {identityFqdn} from './context/fqdn.js'
+import {getCurrentSessionId} from '../../private/node/conf-store.js'
+import * as sessionStore from '../../private/node/session/store.js'
+import {validateSession} from '../../private/node/session/validate.js'
+import {Session} from '../../private/node/session/schema.js'
+
+import {beforeEach, describe, expect, test, vi} from 'vitest'
+
+vi.mock('./context/fqdn.js')
+vi.mock('../../private/node/conf-store.js')
+vi.mock('../../private/node/session/store.js')
+vi.mock('../../private/node/session/validate.js')
+
+const expiresAt = new Date('2030-01-01T00:00:00.000Z')
+const session: Session = {
+  identity: {
+    accessToken: 'identity-token',
+    refreshToken: 'refresh-token',
+    expiresAt,
+    scopes: ['scope'],
+    userId: 'user-id',
+    alias: 'user@example.com',
+  },
+  applications: {},
+}
+
+describe('getAuthStatus', () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    vi.mocked(identityFqdn).mockResolvedValue('accounts.shopify.com')
+    vi.mocked(getCurrentSessionId).mockReturnValue('user-id')
+    vi.mocked(sessionStore.fetch).mockResolvedValue({
+      'accounts.shopify.com': {
+        'user-id': session,
+      },
+    })
+    vi.mocked(validateSession).mockResolvedValue('ok')
+  })
+
+  test('returns authenticated for a valid current session', async () => {
+    // When
+    const got = await getAuthStatus()
+
+    // Then
+    expect(got).toEqual({
+      status: 'authenticated',
+      authenticated: true,
+      account: {
+        userId: 'user-id',
+        alias: 'user@example.com',
+      },
+      identityFqdn: 'accounts.shopify.com',
+      expiresAt: '2030-01-01T00:00:00.000Z',
+      agentGuidance: {
+        instruction: 'A Shopify CLI session is available. Continue with the requested Shopify CLI command.',
+      },
+    })
+  })
+
+  test('returns needs_refresh for a refreshable current session', async () => {
+    // Given
+    vi.mocked(validateSession).mockResolvedValue('needs_refresh')
+
+    // When
+    const got = await getAuthStatus()
+
+    // Then
+    expect(got.status).toBe('needs_refresh')
+    expect(got.authenticated).toBe(true)
+    expect(got.account?.userId).toBe('user-id')
+  })
+
+  test('falls back to the first stored session when no current session is configured', async () => {
+    // Given
+    vi.mocked(getCurrentSessionId).mockReturnValue(undefined)
+
+    // When
+    const got = await getAuthStatus()
+
+    // Then
+    expect(got.status).toBe('authenticated')
+    expect(got.account?.userId).toBe('user-id')
+  })
+
+  test('returns not_authenticated when no session exists', async () => {
+    // Given
+    vi.mocked(getCurrentSessionId).mockReturnValue(undefined)
+    vi.mocked(sessionStore.fetch).mockResolvedValue(undefined)
+
+    // When
+    const got = await getAuthStatus()
+
+    // Then
+    expect(got).toEqual({
+      status: 'not_authenticated',
+      authenticated: false,
+      identityFqdn: 'accounts.shopify.com',
+      agentGuidance: {
+        instruction:
+          'No usable Shopify CLI session is available. Run `shopify auth login`, show the verification URL and user code to the user, and keep the command running until authentication completes.',
+        nextCommand: 'shopify auth login',
+      },
+    })
+  })
+
+  test('returns invalid when the current session id is missing from storage', async () => {
+    // Given
+    vi.mocked(getCurrentSessionId).mockReturnValue('missing-user-id')
+
+    // When
+    const got = await getAuthStatus()
+
+    // Then
+    expect(got.status).toBe('invalid')
+    expect(got.authenticated).toBe(false)
+  })
+})
diff --git a/packages/cli-kit/src/public/node/session.ts b/packages/cli-kit/src/public/node/session.ts
index 1ebffdeaf47..2d72d59ff85 100644
--- a/packages/cli-kit/src/public/node/session.ts
+++ b/packages/cli-kit/src/public/node/session.ts
@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 import {shopifyFetch} from './http.js'
 import {nonRandomUUID} from './crypto.js'
 import {getAppAutomationToken} from './environment.js'
+import {identityFqdn} from './context/fqdn.js'
 import {AbortError, BugError} from './error.js'
 import {outputContent, outputToken, outputDebug} from './output.js'
+import {getCurrentSessionId} from '../../private/node/conf-store.js'
 import * as sessionStore from '../../private/node/session/store.js'
+import {allDefaultScopes} from '../../private/node/session/scopes.js'
+import {validateSession} from '../../private/node/session/validate.js'
 import {
   exchangeCustomPartnerToken,
   exchangeAppAutomationTokenForAppManagementAccessToken,
@@ -65,6 +69,23 @@ interface UnknownAccountInfo {
   type: 'UnknownAccount'
 }
 
+export type AuthStatusName = 'authenticated' | 'needs_refresh' | 'not_authenticated' | 'invalid'
+
+export interface AuthStatus {
+  status: AuthStatusName
+  authenticated: boolean
+  account?: {
+    userId: string
+    alias?: string
+  }
+  identityFqdn?: string
+  expiresAt?: string
+  agentGuidance: {
+    instruction: string
+    nextCommand?: string
+  }
+}
+
 /**
  * Type guard to check if an account is a UserAccount.
  *
@@ -85,6 +106,78 @@ export function isServiceAccount(account: AccountInfo): account is ServiceAccoun
   return account.type === 'ServiceAccount'
 }
 
+function authStatusGuidance(status: AuthStatusName): AuthStatus['agentGuidance'] {
+  if (status === 'authenticated') {
+    return {instruction: 'A Shopify CLI session is available. Continue with the requested Shopify CLI command.'}
+  }
+
+  if (status === 'needs_refresh') {
+    return {
+      instruction:
+        'A Shopify CLI session is available, but it may refresh before the next command. Continue with the requested Shopify CLI command.',
+    }
+  }
+
+  return {
+    instruction:
+      'No usable Shopify CLI session is available. Run `shopify auth login`, show the verification URL and user code to the user, and keep the command running until authentication completes.',
+    nextCommand: 'shopify auth login',
+  }
+}
+
+function validationResultToAuthStatus(validationResult: Awaited<ReturnType<typeof validateSession>>): AuthStatusName {
+  if (validationResult === 'ok') return 'authenticated'
+  if (validationResult === 'needs_refresh') return 'needs_refresh'
+  return 'invalid'
+}
+
+/**
+ * Returns the current Shopify CLI authentication status without starting a login flow.
+ *
+ * @returns The current authentication status.
+ */
+export async function getAuthStatus(): Promise<AuthStatus> {
+  const fqdn = await identityFqdn()
+  const sessions = await sessionStore.fetch()
+  const fqdnSessions = sessions?.[fqdn] ?? {}
+  const currentSessionId = getCurrentSessionId()
+  const sessionId = currentSessionId ?? Object.keys(fqdnSessions)[0]
+
+  if (!sessionId) {
+    return {
+      status: 'not_authenticated',
+      authenticated: false,
+      identityFqdn: fqdn,
+      agentGuidance: authStatusGuidance('not_authenticated'),
+    }
+  }
+
+  const session = fqdnSessions[sessionId]
+  if (!session) {
+    return {
+      status: 'invalid',
+      authenticated: false,
+      identityFqdn: fqdn,
+      agentGuidance: authStatusGuidance('invalid'),
+    }
+  }
+
+  const validationResult = await validateSession(allDefaultScopes(), {}, session)
+  const status = validationResultToAuthStatus(validationResult)
+
+  return {
+    status,
+    authenticated: status !== 'invalid',
+    account: {
+      userId: session.identity.userId,
+      alias: session.identity.alias,
+    },
+    identityFqdn: fqdn,
+    expiresAt: session.identity.expiresAt.toISOString(),
+    agentGuidance: authStatusGuidance(status),
+  }
+}
+
 /**
  * Ensure that we have a valid session with no particular scopes.
  *
diff --git a/packages/cli/README.md b/packages/cli/README.md
index d96a305ea8a..21dadd72067 100644
--- a/packages/cli/README.md
+++ b/packages/cli/README.md
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 * [`shopify app webhook trigger`](#shopify-app-webhook-trigger)
 * [`shopify auth login`](#shopify-auth-login)
 * [`shopify auth logout`](#shopify-auth-logout)
+* [`shopify auth status`](#shopify-auth-status)
 * [`shopify commands`](#shopify-commands)
 * [`shopify config autocorrect off`](#shopify-config-autocorrect-off)
 * [`shopify config autocorrect on`](#shopify-config-autocorrect-on)
@@ -1072,6 +1073,31 @@ DESCRIPTION
   Logs you out of the Shopify account or Partner account and store.
 ```
 
+## `shopify auth status`
+
+Show Shopify account authentication status.
+
+```
+USAGE
+  $ shopify auth status [-j]
+
+FLAGS
+  -j, --json  [env: SHOPIFY_FLAG_JSON] Output the result as JSON. Automatically disables color output.
+
+DESCRIPTION
+  Show Shopify account authentication status.
+
+  Shows whether Shopify CLI has a usable Shopify account session.
+
+  Use `--json` for stable machine-readable output. Agents should check this command before starting workflows that need
+  Shopify account authentication.
+
+EXAMPLES
+  $ shopify auth status
+
+  $ shopify auth status --json
+```
+
 ## `shopify commands`
 
 List all shopify commands.
diff --git a/packages/cli/oclif.manifest.json b/packages/cli/oclif.manifest.json
index 046ac204728..7f13cde58b9 100644
--- a/packages/cli/oclif.manifest.json
+++ b/packages/cli/oclif.manifest.json
@@ -3081,6 +3081,39 @@
       "pluginType": "core",
       "strict": true
     },
+    "auth:status": {
+      "aliases": [
+      ],
+      "args": {
+      },
+      "description": "Shows whether Shopify CLI has a usable Shopify account session.\n\nUse `--json` for stable machine-readable output. Agents should check this command before starting workflows that need Shopify account authentication.",
+      "descriptionWithMarkdown": "Shows whether Shopify CLI has a usable Shopify account session.\n\nUse `--json` for stable machine-readable output. Agents should check this command before starting workflows that need Shopify account authentication.",
+      "enableJsonFlag": false,
+      "examples": [
+        "<%= config.bin %> <%= command.id %>",
+        "<%= config.bin %> <%= command.id %> --json"
+      ],
+      "flags": {
+        "json": {
+          "allowNo": false,
+          "char": "j",
+          "description": "Output the result as JSON. Automatically disables color output.",
+          "env": "SHOPIFY_FLAG_JSON",
+          "hidden": false,
+          "name": "json",
+          "type": "boolean"
+        }
+      },
+      "hasDynamicHelp": false,
+      "hiddenAliases": [
+      ],
+      "id": "auth:status",
+      "pluginAlias": "@shopify/cli",
+      "pluginName": "@shopify/cli",
+      "pluginType": "core",
+      "strict": true,
+      "summary": "Show Shopify account authentication status."
+    },
     "cache:clear": {
       "aliases": [
       ],
diff --git a/packages/cli/src/cli/commands/auth/status.test.ts b/packages/cli/src/cli/commands/auth/status.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5a8d21de7fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/cli/src/cli/commands/auth/status.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+import Status from './status.js'
+import {authStatusService} from '../../services/commands/auth-status.js'
+
+import {describe, expect, test, vi} from 'vitest'
+
+vi.mock('../../services/commands/auth-status.js')
+
+describe('auth status command', () => {
+  test('checks auth status as text by default', async () => {
+    // When
+    await Status.run([])
+
+    // Then
+    expect(authStatusService).toHaveBeenCalledWith(false)
+  })
+
+  test('checks auth status as JSON', async () => {
+    // When
+    await Status.run(['--json'])
+
+    // Then
+    expect(authStatusService).toHaveBeenCalledWith(true)
+  })
+})
diff --git a/packages/cli/src/cli/commands/auth/status.ts b/packages/cli/src/cli/commands/auth/status.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f3d939f4b5d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/cli/src/cli/commands/auth/status.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+import {authStatusService} from '../../services/commands/auth-status.js'
+import Command from '@shopify/cli-kit/node/base-command'
+import {jsonFlag} from '@shopify/cli-kit/node/cli'
+
+export default class Status extends Command {
+  static summary = 'Show Shopify account authentication status.'
+
+  static descriptionWithMarkdown = `Shows whether Shopify CLI has a usable Shopify account session.
+
+Use \`--json\` for stable machine-readable output. Agents should check this command before starting workflows that need Shopify account authentication.`
+
+  static description = this.descriptionWithoutMarkdown()
+
+  static examples = ['<%= config.bin %> <%= command.id %>', '<%= config.bin %> <%= command.id %> --json']
+
+  static flags = {
+    ...jsonFlag,
+  }
+
+  async run(): Promise<void> {
+    const {flags} = await this.parse(Status)
+    await authStatusService(flags.json)
+  }
+}
diff --git a/packages/cli/src/cli/services/commands/auth-status.test.ts b/packages/cli/src/cli/services/commands/auth-status.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3871900461e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/cli/src/cli/services/commands/auth-status.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+import {authStatusService} from './auth-status.js'
+import {getAuthStatus} from '@shopify/cli-kit/node/session'
+import {mockAndCaptureOutput} from '@shopify/cli-kit/node/testing/output'
+
+import {afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, test, vi} from 'vitest'
+
+vi.mock('@shopify/cli-kit/node/session')
+
+describe('authStatusService', () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    mockAndCaptureOutput().clear()
+    process.exitCode = undefined
+  })
+
+  afterEach(() => {
+    mockAndCaptureOutput().clear()
+    process.exitCode = undefined
+  })
+
+  test('prints authenticated status as text', async () => {
+    // Given
+    const outputMock = mockAndCaptureOutput()
+    vi.mocked(getAuthStatus).mockResolvedValue({
+      status: 'authenticated',
+      authenticated: true,
+      account: {userId: 'user-id', alias: 'user@example.com'},
+      identityFqdn: 'accounts.shopify.com',
+      expiresAt: '2030-01-01T00:00:00.000Z',
+      agentGuidance: {
+        instruction: 'A Shopify CLI session is available. Continue with the requested Shopify CLI command.',
+      },
+    })
+
+    // When
+    await authStatusService(false)
+
+    // Then
+    expect(outputMock.info()).toBe('Logged in as user@example.com.')
+    expect(process.exitCode).toBeUndefined()
+  })
+
+  test('prints status as JSON', async () => {
+    // Given
+    const outputMock = mockAndCaptureOutput()
+    const status = {
+      status: 'not_authenticated' as const,
+      authenticated: false,
+      identityFqdn: 'accounts.shopify.com',
+      agentGuidance: {
+        instruction:
+          'No usable Shopify CLI session is available. Run `shopify auth login`, show the verification URL and user code to the user, and keep the command running until authentication completes.',
+        nextCommand: 'shopify auth login',
+      },
+    }
+    vi.mocked(getAuthStatus).mockResolvedValue(status)
+
+    // When
+    await authStatusService(true)
+
+    // Then
+    expect(JSON.parse(outputMock.output())).toEqual(status)
+    expect(process.exitCode).toBe(1)
+  })
+
+  test('sets a failing exit code when not authenticated', async () => {
+    // Given
+    const outputMock = mockAndCaptureOutput()
+    vi.mocked(getAuthStatus).mockResolvedValue({
+      status: 'not_authenticated',
+      authenticated: false,
+      identityFqdn: 'accounts.shopify.com',
+      agentGuidance: {
+        instruction:
+          'No usable Shopify CLI session is available. Run `shopify auth login`, show the verification URL and user code to the user, and keep the command running until authentication completes.',
+        nextCommand: 'shopify auth login',
+      },
+    })
+
+    // When
+    await authStatusService(false)
+
+    // Then
+    expect(outputMock.info()).toBe('Not logged in. Run `shopify auth login`.')
+    expect(process.exitCode).toBe(1)
+  })
+})
diff --git a/packages/cli/src/cli/services/commands/auth-status.ts b/packages/cli/src/cli/services/commands/auth-status.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..177f6b922c1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/cli/src/cli/services/commands/auth-status.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+import {outputInfo, outputResult} from '@shopify/cli-kit/node/output'
+import {AuthStatus, getAuthStatus} from '@shopify/cli-kit/node/session'
+
+function serializeAuthStatus(status: AuthStatus): string {
+  return JSON.stringify(status, null, 2)
+}
+
+function displayAuthStatus(status: AuthStatus): void {
+  switch (status.status) {
+    case 'authenticated': {
+      const account = status.account?.alias ?? status.account?.userId
+      outputInfo(`Logged in as ${account}.`)
+      return
+    }
+    case 'needs_refresh': {
+      const account = status.account?.alias ?? status.account?.userId
+      outputInfo(`Logged in as ${account}, but the session may refresh before use.`)
+      return
+    }
+    case 'not_authenticated': {
+      outputInfo('Not logged in. Run `shopify auth login`.')
+      return
+    }
+    case 'invalid': {
+      outputInfo('The saved Shopify CLI session is invalid. Run `shopify auth login`.')
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+export async function authStatusService(json: boolean): Promise<void> {
+  const status = await getAuthStatus()
+
+  if (json) {
+    outputResult(serializeAuthStatus(status))
+  } else {
+    displayAuthStatus(status)
+  }
+
+  if (!status.authenticated) {
+    process.exitCode = 1
+  }
+}
diff --git a/packages/cli/src/index.ts b/packages/cli/src/index.ts
index ff506419c63..d124fa728d5 100644
--- a/packages/cli/src/index.ts
+++ b/packages/cli/src/index.ts
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import Search from './cli/commands/search.js'
 import Upgrade from './cli/commands/upgrade.js'
 import Logout from './cli/commands/auth/logout.js'
 import Login from './cli/commands/auth/login.js'
+import Status from './cli/commands/auth/status.js'
 import CommandFlags from './cli/commands/debug/command-flags.js'
 import KitchenSinkAsync from './cli/commands/kitchen-sink/async.js'
 import KitchenSinkPrompts from './cli/commands/kitchen-sink/prompts.js'
@@ -150,6 +151,7 @@ export const COMMANDS: any = {
   help: HelpCommand,
   'auth:logout': Logout,
   'auth:login': Login,
+  'auth:status': Status,
   'debug:command-flags': CommandFlags,
   'kitchen-sink': KitchenSink,
   'kitchen-sink:async': KitchenSinkAsync,
diff --git a/packages/e2e/data/snapshots/commands.txt b/packages/e2e/data/snapshots/commands.txt
index 9e9afb6c946..ccd79e9a7f2 100644
--- a/packages/e2e/data/snapshots/commands.txt
+++ b/packages/e2e/data/snapshots/commands.txt
@@ -38,7 +38,8 @@
 │     └─ trigger
 ├─ auth
 │  ├─ login
-│  └─ logout
+│  ├─ logout
+│  └─ status
 ├─ commands
 ├─ config
 │  ├─ autocorrect