diff --git a/rust/private/common.bzl b/rust/private/common.bzl
index 62a833e8d6..1291ea9230 100644
--- a/rust/private/common.bzl
+++ b/rust/private/common.bzl
@@ -61,6 +61,8 @@ def _create_crate_info(**kwargs):
         kwargs.update({"rustc_env_files": []})
     if not "data" in kwargs:
         kwargs.update({"data": depset([])})
+    if not "root_path" in kwargs:
+        kwargs.update({"root_path": ""})
     return CrateInfo(**kwargs)
 
 rust_common = struct(
diff --git a/rust/private/providers.bzl b/rust/private/providers.bzl
index a531884d19..e6ca1a4e62 100644
--- a/rust/private/providers.bzl
+++ b/rust/private/providers.bzl
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ CrateInfo = provider(
         "owner": "Label: The label of the target that produced this CrateInfo",
         "proc_macro_deps": "depset[DepVariantInfo]: This crate's rust proc_macro dependencies' providers.",
         "root": "File: The source File entrypoint to this crate, eg. lib.rs",
+        "root_path": "str: If root is a directory, path to the source entrypoint under it.",
         "rustc_env": "Dict[String, String]: Additional `\"key\": \"value\"` environment variables to set for rustc.",
         "rustc_env_files": "[File]: Files containing additional environment variables to set for rustc.",
         "rustc_output": "File: The output from rustc from producing the output file. It is optional.",
diff --git a/rust/private/rust.bzl b/rust/private/rust.bzl
index 3543cd6ba3..0697c6c2f8 100644
--- a/rust/private/rust.bzl
+++ b/rust/private/rust.bzl
@@ -188,6 +188,27 @@ def _rust_proc_macro_impl(ctx):
     """
     return _rust_library_common(ctx, "proc-macro")
 
+def _validate_root_path(ctx):
+    """Validates that root_path is used iff there is no explicit crate_root and srcs is a single-element directory artifact."""
+    if getattr(ctx.attr, "crate", None):
+        if getattr(ctx.attr, "root_path", ""):
+            fail("rust_test.crate and rust_test.root_path are mutually exclusive.")
+        return
+
+    explicit_crate_root = getattr(ctx.file, "crate_root", None) != None
+    if explicit_crate_root and ctx.file.crate_root.is_directory:
+        fail("`crate_root` must be a file, not a directory. If you want to use a directory artifact as source, use `srcs` and `root_path` instead.")
+
+    srcs = ctx.files.srcs
+    is_single_dir = len(srcs) == 1 and srcs[0].is_directory
+    should_use_root_path = (not explicit_crate_root) and is_single_dir
+    has_root_path = bool(getattr(ctx.attr, "root_path", ""))
+
+    if should_use_root_path and not has_root_path:
+        fail("`root_path` must be specified when `srcs` is a single directory artifact and `crate_root` is not set.")
+    elif not should_use_root_path and has_root_path:
+        fail("`root_path` can only be used when `crate_root` is not set and `srcs` is a single directory artifact.")
+
 def _rust_library_common(ctx, crate_type):
     """The common implementation of the library-like rules.
 
@@ -198,6 +219,7 @@ def _rust_library_common(ctx, crate_type):
     Returns:
         list: A list of providers. See `rustc_compile_action`
     """
+    _validate_root_path(ctx)
     _assert_no_deprecated_attributes(ctx)
     _assert_correct_dep_mapping(ctx)
 
@@ -260,6 +282,7 @@ def _rust_library_common(ctx, crate_type):
             name = crate_name,
             type = crate_type,
             root = crate_root,
+            root_path = getattr(ctx.attr, "root_path", ""),
             srcs = srcs,
             deps = deps,
             proc_macro_deps = proc_macro_deps,
@@ -290,6 +313,7 @@ def _rust_binary_impl(ctx):
     Returns:
         list: A list of providers. See `rustc_compile_action`
     """
+    _validate_root_path(ctx)
     toolchain = find_toolchain(ctx)
     crate_name = compute_crate_name(ctx.workspace_name, ctx.label, toolchain, ctx.attr.crate_name)
     _assert_correct_dep_mapping(ctx)
@@ -327,6 +351,7 @@ def _rust_binary_impl(ctx):
             name = crate_name,
             type = ctx.attr.crate_type,
             root = crate_root,
+            root_path = getattr(ctx.attr, "root_path", ""),
             srcs = srcs,
             deps = deps,
             proc_macro_deps = proc_macro_deps,
@@ -383,6 +408,7 @@ def _rust_test_impl(ctx):
     Returns:
         list: The list of providers. See `rustc_compile_action`
     """
+    _validate_root_path(ctx)
     _assert_no_deprecated_attributes(ctx)
     _assert_correct_dep_mapping(ctx)
 
@@ -451,6 +477,7 @@ def _rust_test_impl(ctx):
             name = crate_name,
             type = crate_type,
             root = crate.root,
+            root_path = crate.root_path,
             srcs = srcs,
             deps = depset(deps, transitive = [crate.deps]).to_list(),
             proc_macro_deps = depset(proc_macro_deps, transitive = [crate.proc_macro_deps]).to_list(),
@@ -508,6 +535,7 @@ def _rust_test_impl(ctx):
             name = crate_name,
             type = crate_type,
             root = crate_root,
+            root_path = getattr(ctx.attr, "root_path", ""),
             srcs = srcs,
             deps = deps,
             proc_macro_deps = proc_macro_deps,
@@ -728,6 +756,9 @@ _COMMON_ATTRS = {
 
             If `crate_root` is not set, then this rule will look for a `lib.rs` file (or `main.rs` for rust_binary)
             or the single file in `srcs` if `srcs` contains only one file.
+
+            If the `srcs` contains only one file and that file is a directory,
+            use `root_path` to specify the path to the crate root .rs file under that directory.
         """),
         allow_single_file = [".rs"],
     ),
@@ -784,6 +815,9 @@ _COMMON_ATTRS = {
         values = [-1, 0, 1],
         default = -1,
     ),
+    "root_path": attr.string(
+        doc = """If the crate root (single member of the `srcs` list) is a directory, this is the path to the crate root `.rs` file under that directory.""",
+    ),
     "rustc_env": attr.string_dict(
         doc = dedent("""\
             Dictionary of additional `"key": "value"` environment variables to set for rustc.
diff --git a/rust/private/rustc.bzl b/rust/private/rustc.bzl
index 71afd9c868..725a00aa41 100644
--- a/rust/private/rustc.bzl
+++ b/rust/private/rustc.bzl
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
 
 """Functionality for constructing actions that invoke the Rust compiler"""
 
+load("@bazel_skylib//lib:paths.bzl", "paths")
 load("@bazel_skylib//rules:common_settings.bzl", "BuildSettingInfo")
 load(
     "@bazel_tools//tools/build_defs/cc:action_names.bzl",
@@ -1156,7 +1157,7 @@ def construct_arguments(
     rustc_flags = ctx.actions.args()
     rustc_flags.set_param_file_format("multiline")
     rustc_flags.use_param_file("@%s", use_always = bool(ctx.executable._process_wrapper))
-    rustc_flags.add(crate_info.root)
+    rustc_flags.add_all([(crate_info.root, crate_info.root_path)], map_each = _get_crate_root_path)
     rustc_flags.add(crate_info.name, format = "--crate-name=%s")
     rustc_flags.add(crate_info.type, format = "--crate-type=%s")
 
@@ -2871,6 +2872,13 @@ def _add_native_link_flags(
                     format_each = "-lstatic=%s",
                 )
 
+def _get_crate_root_path(args):
+    file, root_path = args
+    if file.is_directory:
+        return paths.join(file.path, root_path)
+    else:
+        return file.path
+
 def _get_dirname(file):
     """A helper function for `_add_native_link_flags`.
 
diff --git a/rust/private/rustdoc.bzl b/rust/private/rustdoc.bzl
index b3c21b8057..8c530a8a10 100644
--- a/rust/private/rustdoc.bzl
+++ b/rust/private/rustdoc.bzl
@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@ def _strip_crate_info_output(crate_info):
         name = crate_info.name,
         type = crate_info.type,
         root = crate_info.root,
+        root_path = crate_info.root_path,
         srcs = crate_info.srcs,
         deps = crate_info.deps,
         proc_macro_deps = crate_info.proc_macro_deps,
diff --git a/rust/private/rustdoc_test.bzl b/rust/private/rustdoc_test.bzl
index bf961b36a9..733444eff7 100644
--- a/rust/private/rustdoc_test.bzl
+++ b/rust/private/rustdoc_test.bzl
@@ -117,6 +117,7 @@ def _create_crate_info(ctx):
         name = crate.name,
         type = crate.type,
         root = crate.root,
+        root_path = crate.root_path,
         srcs = crate.srcs,
         deps = depset(deps, transitive = [crate.deps]),
         proc_macro_deps = depset(proc_macro_deps, transitive = [crate.proc_macro_deps]),
diff --git a/test/root_path/BUILD.bazel b/test/root_path/BUILD.bazel
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3c56567327
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/root_path/BUILD.bazel
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+load("@bazel_skylib//rules:build_test.bzl", "build_test")
+load("//rust:defs.bzl", "rust_library", "rust_test")
+load(":defs.bzl", "package_dir_artifact")
+
+package(default_visibility = ["//visibility:private"])
+
+package_dir_artifact(
+    name = "dir_artifact",
+    srcs = [
+        "src/lib.rs",
+        "src/submodule.rs",
+    ],
+)
+
+rust_library(
+    name = "my_lib",
+    srcs = [":dir_artifact"],
+    root_path = "src/lib.rs",
+)
+
+rust_test(
+    name = "my_lib_test",
+    crate = ":my_lib",
+)
+
+build_test(
+    name = "build_test",
+    targets = [
+        ":my_lib",
+    ],
+)
diff --git a/test/root_path/defs.bzl b/test/root_path/defs.bzl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e56b98b633
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/root_path/defs.bzl
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+"""Custom rule to package sources into a directory TreeArtifact for testing root_path."""
+
+def _package_dir_artifact_impl(ctx):
+    outdir = ctx.actions.declare_directory(ctx.attr.name + ".dir")
+
+    args = ctx.actions.args()
+    args.add(outdir.path)
+    for src in ctx.files.srcs:
+        args.add(src.path)
+
+    ctx.actions.run_shell(
+        outputs = [outdir],
+        inputs = ctx.files.srcs,
+        command = 'out="$1"; shift; mkdir -p "$out/src"; cp "$@" "$out/src/"',
+        arguments = [args],
+        progress_message = "Packaging srcs into directory artifact %s" % outdir.short_path,
+    )
+
+    return [
+        DefaultInfo(files = depset([outdir])),
+    ]
+
+package_dir_artifact = rule(
+    implementation = _package_dir_artifact_impl,
+    attrs = {
+        "srcs": attr.label_list(
+            allow_files = True,
+            mandatory = True,
+        ),
+    },
+)
diff --git a/test/root_path/src/lib.rs b/test/root_path/src/lib.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..aa21589f4b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/root_path/src/lib.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+pub mod submodule;
+
+pub fn greeting() -> &'static str {
+    submodule::msg()
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_greeting() {
+        assert_eq!(greeting(), "Hello from directory artifact!");
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/root_path/src/submodule.rs b/test/root_path/src/submodule.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bda56e17f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/root_path/src/submodule.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+pub fn msg() -> &'static str {
+    "Hello from directory artifact!"
+}