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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<title>Java高级程序设计大作业</title>
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</head>
<body>
<div class="reveal">
<div class="slides">
<section id="title-slide">
<h1 class="title">Java高级程序设计大作业</h1>
<p class="author">田昊东</p>
<p class="date">2023/12/21</p>
</section>
<section id="游戏概述" class="slide level3">
<h3>游戏概述</h3>
</section>
<section class="slide level3">
<p><img src="https://thdlrt.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/image-20231215214417448.png" alt="image-20231215214417448" style="zoom: 33%;" /></p>
<ul>
<li>newgame新建游戏</li>
<li>onlinegame多人在线游戏</li>
<li>load继续（恢复游戏）</li>
<li>game video观看游戏录像</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section class="slide level3">
<p><img src="https://thdlrt.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/image-20231215214406539.png" alt="image-20231215214406539" style="zoom: 33%;" /></p>
<ul>
<li>地图上随机刷新敌人，敌人会自动移动到最近的玩家附近，向玩家发射子弹进行攻击。</li>
<li>玩家通过wasd进行移动，鼠标点击进行攻击（可以向一周八个方向发射子弹）</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section id="游戏框架" class="slide level3">
<h3>游戏框架</h3>
<p>使用libgdx进行开发，gradle构建项目</p>
</section>
<section class="slide level3">
<p>core模块文件结构 -
<img src="https://thdlrt.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/image-20231215220731990.png" alt="image-20231215220731990" style="zoom:50%;" /></p>
</section>
<section class="slide level3">
<p>整个地图由12*18的地图构成，由map类负责维护</p>
<ul>
<li><p>map持有一个cell（单元格）数组</p></li>
<li><p><img src="https://thdlrt.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/image-20231215220108622.png" alt="image-20231215220108622" style="zoom: 50%;" /></p></li>
<li><p>每个cell上可以放置一个being，其派生类表示玩家、障碍物、子弹等实例</p></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section class="slide level3">
<p>游戏场景设计</p>
<ul>
<li>RougerLike：游戏入口</li>
<li>GuideScreen：网络游戏的非房主界面</li>
<li>VideoSCreen：历史回看界面</li>
<li>MainMenuScreen：主菜单（模式选择界面）</li>
<li>GameScreen：游戏界面、网络游戏房主界面</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section class="slide level3">
<p>子弹攻击的判定</p>
<ul>
<li>使用java的反射机制，判断目标是否是要攻击的目标类型</li>
</ul>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb1"><pre
class="sourceCode java"><code class="sourceCode java"><span id="cb1-1"><a href="#cb1-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="cf">if</span><span class="op">(</span>x<span class="op">>=</span><span class="dv">0</span><span class="op">&&</span>x<span class="op"><</span>col<span class="op">&&</span>y<span class="op">>=</span><span class="dv">0</span><span class="op">&&</span>y<span class="op"><</span>row<span class="op">&&</span>being<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">target</span><span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">isInstance</span><span class="op">(</span>map<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">getCell</span><span class="op">(</span>x<span class="op">,</span>y<span class="op">).</span><span class="fu">getBeing</span><span class="op">()))</span></span>
<span id="cb1-2"><a href="#cb1-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="op">((</span>Creature<span class="op">)</span> map<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">getCell</span><span class="op">(</span>x<span class="op">,</span>y<span class="op">).</span><span class="fu">getBeing</span><span class="op">()).</span><span class="fu">underAttack</span><span class="op">(</span>being<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">at</span><span class="op">);</span></span></code></pre></div>
<ul>
<li>此外在creature类型中维护class变量标识目标类型<code>public Class<?extends Creature>target;</code></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section id="并发" class="slide level3">
<h3>并发</h3>
</section>
<section class="slide level3">
<p>敌人的生成及线程创建</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb2"><pre
class="sourceCode java"><code class="sourceCode java"><span id="cb2-1"><a href="#cb2-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="kw">private</span> <span class="dt">void</span> <span class="fu">generateEnemy</span><span class="op">(){</span></span>
<span id="cb2-2"><a href="#cb2-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="dt">int</span><span class="op">[]</span>pos<span class="op">=</span><span class="fu">generateEmptyPosition</span><span class="op">();</span></span>
<span id="cb2-3"><a href="#cb2-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> Enemy enemy <span class="op">=</span> <span class="kw">new</span> <span class="fu">Enemy</span><span class="op">(</span>manager<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">get</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"pix/enemy.png"</span><span class="op">,</span> Texture<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">class</span><span class="op">),</span>pos<span class="op">[</span><span class="dv">0</span><span class="op">],</span>pos<span class="op">[</span><span class="dv">1</span><span class="op">],</span><span class="kw">this</span><span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb2-4"><a href="#cb2-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> map<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">setCell</span><span class="op">(</span>enemy<span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb2-5"><a href="#cb2-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> enemyGroup<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">addActor</span><span class="op">(</span>enemy<span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb2-6"><a href="#cb2-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="bu">Thread</span> enemyThread <span class="op">=</span> <span class="kw">new</span> <span class="bu">Thread</span><span class="op">(</span>enemy<span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb2-7"><a href="#cb2-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> enemyThread<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">start</span><span class="op">();</span></span>
<span id="cb2-8"><a href="#cb2-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="op">}</span></span></code></pre></div>
<ul>
<li>enemy类实现了runnable接口，此接口能周期执行策略，控制单位的移动及攻击，创建新敌人时创建新线程运行enemy的run方法</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section class="slide level3">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb3"><pre
class="sourceCode java"><code class="sourceCode java"><span id="cb3-1"><a href="#cb3-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">@Override</span></span>
<span id="cb3-2"><a href="#cb3-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="kw">public</span> <span class="dt">void</span> <span class="fu">run</span><span class="op">()</span> <span class="op">{</span></span>
<span id="cb3-3"><a href="#cb3-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> EnemyAi ai<span class="op">=</span><span class="kw">new</span> <span class="fu">EnemyAi</span><span class="op">(</span>game<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">map</span><span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb3-4"><a href="#cb3-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="dt">boolean</span> running<span class="op">=</span><span class="kw">true</span><span class="op">;</span></span>
<span id="cb3-5"><a href="#cb3-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="cf">while</span> <span class="op">(!</span><span class="fu">isDead</span><span class="op">()&&</span>running<span class="op">&&</span>game<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">getPlayer</span><span class="op">()!=</span><span class="kw">null</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">{</span></span>
<span id="cb3-6"><a href="#cb3-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> Move nextMove <span class="op">=</span> ai<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">getNextMove</span><span class="op">(</span>x<span class="op">,</span>y<span class="op">,</span>minDis<span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb3-7"><a href="#cb3-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> Move nextAttack<span class="op">=</span>ai<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">getAttack</span><span class="op">(</span>x<span class="op">,</span>y<span class="op">,</span>maxDis<span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb3-8"><a href="#cb3-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="cf">if</span><span class="op">(</span>nextAttack<span class="op">!=</span><span class="kw">null</span><span class="op">){</span></span>
<span id="cb3-9"><a href="#cb3-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">attack</span><span class="op">(</span>nextAttack<span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb3-10"><a href="#cb3-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="op">}</span></span>
<span id="cb3-11"><a href="#cb3-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="cf">else</span> <span class="cf">if</span> <span class="op">(</span>nextMove <span class="op">!=</span> <span class="kw">null</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">{</span></span>
<span id="cb3-12"><a href="#cb3-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> game<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">move</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="kw">this</span><span class="op">,</span> nextMove<span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb3-13"><a href="#cb3-13" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="op">}</span></span>
<span id="cb3-14"><a href="#cb3-14" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="cf">try</span> <span class="op">{</span></span>
<span id="cb3-15"><a href="#cb3-15" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="bu">Thread</span><span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">sleep</span><span class="op">(</span>moveInterval<span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb3-16"><a href="#cb3-16" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="op">}</span> <span class="cf">catch</span> <span class="op">(</span><span class="bu">InterruptedException</span> e<span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">{</span></span>
<span id="cb3-17"><a href="#cb3-17" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> running <span class="op">=</span> <span class="kw">false</span><span class="op">;</span></span>
<span id="cb3-18"><a href="#cb3-18" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="op">}</span></span>
<span id="cb3-19"><a href="#cb3-19" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="op">}</span></span>
<span id="cb3-20"><a href="#cb3-20" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="op">}</span></span></code></pre></div>
</section>
<section class="slide level3">
<p>防止多线程冲突的设计</p>
<ul>
<li><p>由于每个敌人会移动以及发送子弹，这可能出现多个线程同时对map进行读取/修改，这可能导致问题，因此做出以下改进：</p></li>
<li><p>Creature的health属性设置为原子变量，防止一个对象同时受到攻击时出现问题</p>
<ul>
<li><code>public AtomicInteger health = new AtomicInteger(100);</code></li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section class="slide level3">
<p>map操作串行化，防止多个线程同时修改</p>
<ul>
<li><div class="sourceCode" id="cb4"><pre
class="sourceCode java"><code class="sourceCode java"><span id="cb4-1"><a href="#cb4-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="kw">public</span> <span class="kw">synchronized</span> <span class="dt">void</span> <span class="fu">delCell</span><span class="op">(</span>Being being<span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">{}</span></span>
<span id="cb4-2"><a href="#cb4-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="kw">public</span> <span class="kw">synchronized</span> <span class="dt">void</span> <span class="fu">setCell</span><span class="op">(</span>Being being<span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">{}</span></span>
<span id="cb4-3"><a href="#cb4-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="kw">public</span> <span class="kw">synchronized</span> <span class="dt">boolean</span> <span class="fu">checkCell</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="dt">int</span> x<span class="op">,</span><span class="dt">int</span> y<span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">{}</span></span></code></pre></div></li>
</ul>
<p>单位移动串行化</p>
<ul>
<li><div class="sourceCode" id="cb5"><pre
class="sourceCode java"><code class="sourceCode java"><span id="cb5-1"><a href="#cb5-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="kw">public</span> <span class="kw">synchronized</span> <span class="dt">void</span> <span class="fu">move</span><span class="op">(</span>Creature being<span class="op">,</span> Move op<span class="op">){}</span></span></code></pre></div></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section id="测试" class="slide level3">
<h3>测试</h3>
</section>
<section class="slide level3">
<p>测试类编写</p>
<ul>
<li>使用Junit4以及mockito进行测试</li>
<li><img src="https://thdlrt.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/image-20231215230854382.png" style="zoom: 50%;" />
<ul>
<li>总共编写了7个测试类</li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section class="slide level3">
<p>mapread（IO）测试</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb6"><pre
class="sourceCode java"><code class="sourceCode java"><span id="cb6-1"><a href="#cb6-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">@Before</span></span>
<span id="cb6-2"><a href="#cb6-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="kw">public</span> <span class="dt">void</span> <span class="fu">setUp</span><span class="op">()</span> <span class="kw">throws</span> <span class="bu">IOException</span> <span class="op">{</span></span>
<span id="cb6-3"><a href="#cb6-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> testFilePath <span class="op">=</span> Files<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">createTempFile</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"testMap"</span><span class="op">,</span> <span class="st">".txt"</span><span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb6-4"><a href="#cb6-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="bu">List</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="bu">String</span><span class="op">></span> lines <span class="op">=</span> <span class="bu">Arrays</span><span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">asList</span><span class="op">(</span></span>
<span id="cb6-5"><a href="#cb6-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="st">"0 0 1"</span><span class="op">,</span></span>
<span id="cb6-6"><a href="#cb6-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="st">"0 1 0"</span><span class="op">,</span></span>
<span id="cb6-7"><a href="#cb6-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="st">"1 0 0"</span></span>
<span id="cb6-8"><a href="#cb6-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb6-9"><a href="#cb6-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> Files<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">write</span><span class="op">(</span>testFilePath<span class="op">,</span> lines<span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb6-10"><a href="#cb6-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="op">}</span></span>
<span id="cb6-11"><a href="#cb6-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">@Test</span></span>
<span id="cb6-12"><a href="#cb6-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="kw">public</span> <span class="dt">void</span> <span class="fu">testReadMap</span><span class="op">()</span> <span class="kw">throws</span> <span class="bu">IOException</span> <span class="op">{</span></span>
<span id="cb6-13"><a href="#cb6-13" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="bu">List</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="bu">List</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="bu">Integer</span><span class="op">>></span> map <span class="op">=</span> ReadMap<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">readMap</span><span class="op">(</span>testFilePath<span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb6-14"><a href="#cb6-14" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">assertEquals</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="dv">3</span><span class="op">,</span> map<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">size</span><span class="op">());</span></span>
<span id="cb6-15"><a href="#cb6-15" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">assertTrue</span><span class="op">(</span>map<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">contains</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="bu">Arrays</span><span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">asList</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="dv">0</span><span class="op">,</span> <span class="dv">2</span><span class="op">)));</span></span>
<span id="cb6-16"><a href="#cb6-16" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">assertTrue</span><span class="op">(</span>map<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">contains</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="bu">Arrays</span><span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">asList</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="dv">1</span><span class="op">,</span> <span class="dv">1</span><span class="op">)));</span></span>
<span id="cb6-17"><a href="#cb6-17" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">assertTrue</span><span class="op">(</span>map<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">contains</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="bu">Arrays</span><span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">asList</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="dv">2</span><span class="op">,</span> <span class="dv">0</span><span class="op">)));</span></span>
<span id="cb6-18"><a href="#cb6-18" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="op">}</span></span></code></pre></div>
<ul>
<li>设置临时地图文件，进行读取民兵对读取的结果过进行比对测试</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section class="slide level3">
<p>测试覆盖率</p>
<ul>
<li><img
data-src="https://thdlrt.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/image-20231215230609767.png"
title="fig:" alt="image-20231215230609767" /></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section id="io" class="slide level3">
<h3>IO</h3>
</section>
<section class="slide level3">
<ul>
<li><p>地图保存</p>
<ul>
<li>使用数字存储，0表示空格，1表示障碍物</li>
<li>ReadMap类的静态方法，从文件读取为list</li>
<li>GameScreen根据读取结果进行绘制</li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section class="slide level3">
<p>stage的设置</p>
<ul>
<li><p>对Stage中的Actor进行分组管理</p>
<ul>
<li><div class="sourceCode" id="cb7"><pre
class="sourceCode java"><code class="sourceCode java"><span id="cb7-1"><a href="#cb7-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="kw">public</span> <span class="bu">Group</span> enemyGroup<span class="op">;</span></span>
<span id="cb7-2"><a href="#cb7-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="kw">public</span> <span class="bu">Group</span> bulletGroup<span class="op">;</span></span>
<span id="cb7-3"><a href="#cb7-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="kw">public</span> <span class="bu">Group</span> itemGroup<span class="op">;</span></span></code></pre></div></li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section class="slide level3">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb8"><pre
class="sourceCode java"><code class="sourceCode java"><span id="cb8-1"><a href="#cb8-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="kw">public</span> <span class="dt">void</span> <span class="fu">initGame</span><span class="op">(){</span></span>
<span id="cb8-2"><a href="#cb8-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="kw">...</span></span>
<span id="cb8-3"><a href="#cb8-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> stage<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">addActor</span><span class="op">(</span>itemGroup <span class="op">=</span> <span class="kw">new</span> <span class="bu">Group</span><span class="op">());</span></span>
<span id="cb8-4"><a href="#cb8-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> stage<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">addActor</span><span class="op">(</span>enemyGroup <span class="op">=</span> <span class="kw">new</span> <span class="bu">Group</span><span class="op">());</span></span>
<span id="cb8-5"><a href="#cb8-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="co">//初始化背景</span></span>
<span id="cb8-6"><a href="#cb8-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="cf">for</span> <span class="op">(</span><span class="dt">int</span> i <span class="op">=</span> <span class="dv">0</span><span class="op">;</span> i <span class="op"><</span> row<span class="op">;</span> i<span class="op">++)</span> <span class="op">{</span></span>
<span id="cb8-7"><a href="#cb8-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="cf">for</span> <span class="op">(</span><span class="dt">int</span> j <span class="op">=</span> <span class="dv">0</span><span class="op">;</span> j <span class="op"><</span> col<span class="op">;</span> j<span class="op">++)</span> <span class="op">{</span></span>
<span id="cb8-8"><a href="#cb8-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> Base base <span class="op">=</span> <span class="kw">new</span> <span class="fu">Base</span><span class="op">(</span>manager<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">get</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"pix/base.png"</span><span class="op">,</span> Texture<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">class</span><span class="op">),</span> j<span class="op">,</span> i<span class="op">,</span> <span class="kw">this</span><span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb8-9"><a href="#cb8-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> itemGroup<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">addActor</span><span class="op">(</span>base<span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb8-10"><a href="#cb8-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="op">}</span></span>
<span id="cb8-11"><a href="#cb8-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="op">}</span></span>
<span id="cb8-12"><a href="#cb8-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> stage<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">addActor</span><span class="op">(</span>bulletGroup<span class="op">=</span><span class="kw">new</span> <span class="bu">Group</span><span class="op">());</span></span>
<span id="cb8-13"><a href="#cb8-13" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> Gdx<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">input</span><span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">setInputProcessor</span><span class="op">(</span>stage<span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb8-14"><a href="#cb8-14" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="op">}</span></span></code></pre></div>
</section>
<section class="slide level3">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb9"><pre
class="sourceCode java"><code class="sourceCode java"><span id="cb9-1"><a href="#cb9-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="kw">public</span> <span class="dt">void</span> <span class="fu">newGame</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="bu">String</span> name<span class="op">)</span> <span class="kw">throws</span> <span class="bu">IOException</span> <span class="op">{</span></span>
<span id="cb9-2"><a href="#cb9-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="co">//初始化玩家</span></span>
<span id="cb9-3"><a href="#cb9-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> player <span class="op">=</span> <span class="kw">new</span> <span class="fu">Player</span><span class="op">(</span>manager<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">get</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"pix/hero.png"</span><span class="op">,</span> Texture<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">class</span><span class="op">),</span><span class="dv">8</span><span class="op">,</span><span class="dv">5</span><span class="op">,</span><span class="kw">true</span><span class="op">,</span><span class="kw">this</span><span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb9-4"><a href="#cb9-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> players<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">put</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="dv">0</span><span class="op">,</span>player<span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb9-5"><a href="#cb9-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> map<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">setCell</span><span class="op">(</span>player<span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb9-6"><a href="#cb9-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> stage<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">addActor</span><span class="op">(</span>player<span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb9-7"><a href="#cb9-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> PlayerInput playerInput <span class="op">=</span> <span class="kw">new</span> <span class="fu">PlayerInput</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="kw">this</span><span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb9-8"><a href="#cb9-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> stage<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">addListener</span><span class="op">(</span>playerInput<span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb9-9"><a href="#cb9-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="co">//初始化地图(障碍物)</span></span>
<span id="cb9-10"><a href="#cb9-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="bu">List</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="bu">List</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="bu">Integer</span><span class="op">>></span> res<span class="op">=</span> ReadMap<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">readMap</span><span class="op">(</span>Paths<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">get</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"map/"</span><span class="op">+</span>name<span class="op">+</span><span class="st">".txt"</span><span class="op">));</span></span>
<span id="cb9-11"><a href="#cb9-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="cf">for</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="bu">List</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="bu">Integer</span><span class="op">></span> i<span class="op">:</span>res<span class="op">){</span></span>
<span id="cb9-12"><a href="#cb9-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> Wall wall <span class="op">=</span> <span class="kw">new</span> <span class="fu">Wall</span><span class="op">(</span>manager<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">get</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"pix/wall.png"</span><span class="op">,</span> Texture<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">class</span><span class="op">),</span>i<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">get</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="dv">1</span><span class="op">),</span>i<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">get</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="dv">0</span><span class="op">),</span><span class="kw">this</span><span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb9-13"><a href="#cb9-13" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> map<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">setCell</span><span class="op">(</span>wall<span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb9-14"><a href="#cb9-14" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> itemGroup<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">addActor</span><span class="op">(</span>wall<span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb9-15"><a href="#cb9-15" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="op">}</span></span>
<span id="cb9-16"><a href="#cb9-16" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="op">}</span></span></code></pre></div>
</section>
<section class="slide level3">
<p>游戏记录回放</p>
<ul>
<li><p>使用GameVideo类处理</p></li>
<li><p><img src="https://thdlrt.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/image-20231215234614712.png" alt="image-20231215234614712" style="zoom: 33%;" /></p></li>
<li><p>使用libgdx提供的Timer类实现定时周期执行，每次通过map的方法获取当前网格状态的快照（设计用数字表示每个网格上的单位）</p></li>
<li><p>停止录制时将缓存的帧信息存储到文件</p></li>
<li><p>VideoSCreen负责读取及播放帧</p>
<ul>
<li>在Render函数中实现定时更新</li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section class="slide level3">
<ul>
<li><p>游戏存档及恢复</p>
<ul>
<li><p>相比视频录制，游戏存档需要不仅需要保存每个格子上的类型，还需要存储每个单位的移动方向（子弹），攻击力生命值等信息</p></li>
<li><p>map中提供了获取详细快照的方法</p></li>
<li><p>在恢复时只需要按照同样的规则从存档加载即可</p></li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section id="网络通信" class="slide level3">
<h3>网络通信</h3>
<ul>
<li>使用帧同步及房主模式</li>
<li>即服务器只用于完成一些基本操作，如为加入的玩家分配id，以及接收玩家发来的信息，并进行广播转发</li>
<li>第一个加入的玩家作为房主，负责处理游戏逻辑，其他玩家的操作会发送给房主，由房主进行运算，并向其他玩家广播游戏状态</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section class="slide level3">
<h4 id="服务端设计">服务端设计</h4>
<ul>
<li><p>使用nio实现</p></li>
<li><p><img src="https://thdlrt.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/image-20231216001057514.png" alt="image-20231216001057514" style="zoom:50%;" /></p></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section class="slide level3">
<p>在start中服务器循环监听，检查是否有新的玩家加入，或者是否有消息需要处理</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb10"><pre
class="sourceCode java"><code class="sourceCode java"><span id="cb10-1"><a href="#cb10-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="kw">public</span> <span class="dt">void</span> <span class="fu">start</span><span class="op">()</span> <span class="kw">throws</span> <span class="bu">Exception</span> <span class="op">{</span></span>
<span id="cb10-2"><a href="#cb10-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="cf">while</span> <span class="op">(</span><span class="kw">true</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">{</span></span>
<span id="cb10-3"><a href="#cb10-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> selector<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">select</span><span class="op">();</span></span>
<span id="cb10-4"><a href="#cb10-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="bu">Set</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="bu">SelectionKey</span><span class="op">></span> selectedKeys <span class="op">=</span> selector<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">selectedKeys</span><span class="op">();</span></span>
<span id="cb10-5"><a href="#cb10-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="bu">Iterator</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="bu">SelectionKey</span><span class="op">></span> iter <span class="op">=</span> selectedKeys<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">iterator</span><span class="op">();</span></span>
<span id="cb10-6"><a href="#cb10-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="cf">while</span> <span class="op">(</span>iter<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">hasNext</span><span class="op">())</span> <span class="op">{</span></span>
<span id="cb10-7"><a href="#cb10-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="bu">SelectionKey</span> key <span class="op">=</span> iter<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">next</span><span class="op">();</span></span>
<span id="cb10-8"><a href="#cb10-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="cf">if</span> <span class="op">(</span>key<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">isAcceptable</span><span class="op">())</span> <span class="op">{</span></span>
<span id="cb10-9"><a href="#cb10-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="co">// 接受客户端连接</span></span>
<span id="cb10-10"><a href="#cb10-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">accept</span><span class="op">(</span>key<span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb10-11"><a href="#cb10-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="op">}</span> <span class="cf">else</span> <span class="cf">if</span> <span class="op">(</span>key<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">isReadable</span><span class="op">())</span> <span class="op">{</span></span>
<span id="cb10-12"><a href="#cb10-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="co">// 读取客户端数据</span></span>
<span id="cb10-13"><a href="#cb10-13" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">read</span><span class="op">(</span>key<span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb10-14"><a href="#cb10-14" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="op">}</span></span>
<span id="cb10-15"><a href="#cb10-15" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> iter<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">remove</span><span class="op">();</span></span>
<span id="cb10-16"><a href="#cb10-16" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="op">}</span></span>
<span id="cb10-17"><a href="#cb10-17" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="op">}</span></span>
<span id="cb10-18"><a href="#cb10-18" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="op">}</span></span></code></pre></div>
</section>
<section class="slide level3">
<ul>
<li><p>连接处理</p>
<ul>
<li><div class="sourceCode" id="cb11"><pre
class="sourceCode java"><code class="sourceCode java"><span id="cb11-1"><a href="#cb11-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="kw">private</span> <span class="dt">void</span> <span class="fu">accept</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="bu">SelectionKey</span> key<span class="op">)</span> <span class="kw">throws</span> <span class="bu">Exception</span> <span class="op">{</span></span>
<span id="cb11-2"><a href="#cb11-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="bu">ServerSocketChannel</span> serverChannel <span class="op">=</span> <span class="op">(</span><span class="bu">ServerSocketChannel</span><span class="op">)</span> key<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">channel</span><span class="op">();</span></span>
<span id="cb11-3"><a href="#cb11-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="bu">SocketChannel</span> channel <span class="op">=</span> serverChannel<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">accept</span><span class="op">();</span></span>
<span id="cb11-4"><a href="#cb11-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> channel<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">configureBlocking</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="kw">false</span><span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb11-5"><a href="#cb11-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="co">// 为新客户端分配唯一的ID</span></span>
<span id="cb11-6"><a href="#cb11-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="dt">int</span> clientId <span class="op">=</span> clientIdCounter<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">getAndIncrement</span><span class="op">();</span></span>
<span id="cb11-7"><a href="#cb11-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="bu">ByteBuffer</span> buffer <span class="op">=</span> <span class="bu">ByteBuffer</span><span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">allocate</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="bu">Integer</span><span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">BYTES</span><span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb11-8"><a href="#cb11-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> buffer<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">putInt</span><span class="op">(</span>clientId<span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb11-9"><a href="#cb11-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> buffer<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">flip</span><span class="op">();</span></span>
<span id="cb11-10"><a href="#cb11-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="cf">while</span> <span class="op">(</span>buffer<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">hasRemaining</span><span class="op">())</span> <span class="op">{</span></span>
<span id="cb11-11"><a href="#cb11-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> channel<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">write</span><span class="op">(</span>buffer<span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb11-12"><a href="#cb11-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="op">}</span></span>
<span id="cb11-13"><a href="#cb11-13" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> channel<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">register</span><span class="op">(</span>selector<span class="op">,</span> <span class="bu">SelectionKey</span><span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">OP_READ</span><span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb11-14"><a href="#cb11-14" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> activeConnections<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">incrementAndGet</span><span class="op">();</span></span>
<span id="cb11-15"><a href="#cb11-15" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="op">}</span></span></code></pre></div></li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section class="slide level3">
<ul>
<li><p>断开连接处理</p>
<ul>
<li>连接断开后对连接码进行复位，并且如果所有连接都已经断开，则重置id编号</li>
</ul></li>
<li><p>消息接收</p>
<ul>
<li>服务器接收到信息后立刻进行广播</li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section class="slide level3">
<h4 id="客户端设计">客户端设计</h4>
<ul>
<li><p>客户端网络模块</p>
<ul>
<li><img src="https://thdlrt.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/image-20231216000938974.png" alt="image-20231216000938974" style="zoom:50%;" /></li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section class="slide level3">
<ul>
<li><p>连接到服务器，并获取分配的id</p>
<ul>
<li><div class="sourceCode" id="cb12"><pre
class="sourceCode java"><code class="sourceCode java"><span id="cb12-1"><a href="#cb12-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="kw">public</span> <span class="dt">int</span> <span class="fu">connect</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="bu">String</span> hostname<span class="op">,</span> <span class="dt">int</span> port<span class="op">)</span> <span class="kw">throws</span> <span class="bu">Exception</span> <span class="op">{</span></span>
<span id="cb12-2"><a href="#cb12-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb12-3"><a href="#cb12-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> socketChannel <span class="op">=</span> <span class="bu">SocketChannel</span><span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">open</span><span class="op">();</span></span>
<span id="cb12-4"><a href="#cb12-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> socketChannel<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">connect</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="kw">new</span> <span class="bu">InetSocketAddress</span><span class="op">(</span>hostname<span class="op">,</span> port<span class="op">));</span></span>
<span id="cb12-5"><a href="#cb12-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> socketChannel<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">configureBlocking</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="kw">false</span><span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb12-6"><a href="#cb12-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="co">// 等待连接完成</span></span>
<span id="cb12-7"><a href="#cb12-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="cf">while</span> <span class="op">(!</span>socketChannel<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">finishConnect</span><span class="op">())</span> <span class="op">{</span></span>
<span id="cb12-8"><a href="#cb12-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb12-9"><a href="#cb12-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="op">}</span></span>
<span id="cb12-10"><a href="#cb12-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="dt">int</span> clientId <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu">receiveClientId</span><span class="op">(</span>socketChannel<span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb12-11"><a href="#cb12-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="bu">System</span><span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">out</span><span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">println</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Connected to the server. clientId="</span> <span class="op">+</span> clientId<span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb12-12"><a href="#cb12-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="cf">return</span> clientId<span class="op">;</span></span>
<span id="cb12-13"><a href="#cb12-13" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="op">}</span></span></code></pre></div></li>
<li>根据返回的id判断是否作为房主</li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section class="slide level3">
<ul>
<li>发送数据,以</li>
</ul>
<p>接受数据，将缓冲区的数据全部取出，并存储到字符串中，每次取数以<code>\n</code>为分隔符取出一条信息</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb13"><pre
class="sourceCode java"><code class="sourceCode java"><span id="cb13-1"><a href="#cb13-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="kw">public</span> <span class="bu">String</span> <span class="fu">receive</span><span class="op">()</span> <span class="kw">throws</span> <span class="bu">Exception</span> <span class="op">{</span></span>
<span id="cb13-2"><a href="#cb13-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="bu">ByteBuffer</span> buffer <span class="op">=</span> <span class="bu">ByteBuffer</span><span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">allocate</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="dv">10000</span><span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb13-3"><a href="#cb13-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="dt">int</span> bytesRead <span class="op">=</span> socketChannel<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">read</span><span class="op">(</span>buffer<span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb13-4"><a href="#cb13-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> buffer<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">flip</span><span class="op">();</span> </span>
<span id="cb13-5"><a href="#cb13-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> incompleteMessage<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">append</span><span class="op">(</span>StandardCharsets<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">UTF_8</span><span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">decode</span><span class="op">(</span>buffer<span class="op">).</span><span class="fu">toString</span><span class="op">());</span></span>
<span id="cb13-6"><a href="#cb13-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="co">// 检查是否包含完整消息（检查分隔符）</span></span>
<span id="cb13-7"><a href="#cb13-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="dt">int</span> delimiterIndex <span class="op">=</span> incompleteMessage<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">indexOf</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"</span><span class="sc">\n</span><span class="st">"</span><span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb13-8"><a href="#cb13-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="cf">if</span> <span class="op">(</span>delimiterIndex <span class="op">!=</span> <span class="op">-</span><span class="dv">1</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">{</span></span>
<span id="cb13-9"><a href="#cb13-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="bu">String</span> completeMessage <span class="op">=</span> incompleteMessage<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">substring</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="dv">0</span><span class="op">,</span> delimiterIndex<span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb13-10"><a href="#cb13-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> incompleteMessage<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">delete</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="dv">0</span><span class="op">,</span> delimiterIndex <span class="op">+</span> <span class="dv">1</span><span class="op">);</span> <span class="co">// 移除已处理的消息部分</span></span>
<span id="cb13-11"><a href="#cb13-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="cf">if</span><span class="op">(</span>completeMessage<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">equals</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">""</span><span class="op">))</span></span>
<span id="cb13-12"><a href="#cb13-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="cf">return</span> <span class="fu">receive</span><span class="op">();</span></span>
<span id="cb13-13"><a href="#cb13-13" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="cf">return</span> completeMessage<span class="op">;</span></span>
<span id="cb13-14"><a href="#cb13-14" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="op">}</span></span>
<span id="cb13-15"><a href="#cb13-15" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="cf">return</span> <span class="kw">null</span><span class="op">;</span></span>
<span id="cb13-16"><a href="#cb13-16" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="op">}</span></span></code></pre></div>
</section>
<section class="slide level3">
<h4 id="通讯逻辑">通讯逻辑</h4>
<ul>
<li><p>使用GideScreen作为非房主的显示</p></li>
<li><p>在render中检查是否有来自房主（id=0的信息），如果有则对显示进行更新</p></li>
<li><p>使用GuideInput处理输入事件，会将移动攻击等事件发送到服务器</p></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section class="slide level3">
<p>在房主方，使用一个HashMap维护玩家id和player对象的对应关系</p>
<ul>
<li><p>当地图信息发生变化时，对地图信息发送到服务器进行广播</p></li>
<li><p>接收到来自其他玩家的信息时根据id对其操作进行响应</p></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section class="slide level3">
<p><a
href="https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1bN4y1h7jT/?vd_source=acab52c21ffa9e9c57428e615e773279">java高级程序设计Rougerlike5（网络通讯）_哔哩哔哩_bilibili</a></p>
</section>
<section id="谢谢" class="slide level3">
<h3>谢谢！</h3>
</section>
</div>
</div>
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