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<h1 class="main">Structs</h1>
<p>Concrete struct names can be a single capital letter, such as <code>M</code>. Functions can return these
structs directly, as results (<code>!M</code>), or as options (<code>?M</code>).</p>
<div class="language-v">struct Point {
x int
y int
}
mut p := Point{
x: 10
y: 20
}
println(p.x) // Struct fields are accessed using a dot
// Alternative positional syntax; values follow the field declaration order.
p = Point{10, 20}
assert p.x == 10
</div>
<p>Struct fields can re-use reserved keywords:</p>
<div class="language-v">struct Employee {
type string
name string
}
employee := Employee{
type: 'FTE'
name: 'John Doe'
}
println(employee.type)
</div>
<h2 id="heap-structs">Heap structs <a href="structs.html#heap-structs" class="header-anchor" aria-hidden="true">#</a></h2>
<p>Structs are allocated on the stack. To allocate a struct on the heap
and get a <a href="references.html">reference</a> to it, use the <code>&</code> prefix:</p>
<div class="language-v">struct Point {
x int
y int
}
p := &Point{10, 10}
// References have the same syntax for accessing fields
println(p.x)
</div>
<p>The type of <code>p</code> is <code>&Point</code>. It's a <a href="references.html">reference</a> to <code>Point</code>.
References are similar to Go pointers and C++ references.</p>
<div class="language-v">struct Foo {
mut:
x int
}
fa := Foo{1}
mut a := fa
a.x = 2
assert fa.x == 1
assert a.x == 2
// fb := Foo{ 1 }
// mut b := &fb // error: `fb` is immutable, cannot have a mutable reference to it
// b.x = 2
mut fc := Foo{1}
mut c := &fc
c.x = 2