feat(closures): captures are no longer fully qualified

[SuperFola]

Description

This means that we can safely capture top-level variables in packages, without having to write closure.pkg:var later on. Internally, variables are still fully qualified, but a rename instruction has been added for captures, and unqualified names are tracked in the AST for this to work.

Checklist

• I have read the Contributor guide
• My code follows the style guidelines of this project
• I have commented my code, particularly in hard-to-understand areas
• I have updated the documentation if needed (on https://github.com/ArkScript-lang/website, content/docs/)
• I have added tests that prove my fix/feature is working
• New and existing tests pass locally with my changes

[github-actions]

Static analysis report

Lizard report

Listing only functions with cyclomatic complexity >= 15 or NLOC >= 100 or parameters >= 6.

Filename	Start line:end line	Function name	Parameters	NLOC	CCN
src/arkreactor/VM/VM.cpp	497:1959	Ark::VM::safeRun	3	1225	250
src/arkreactor/Compiler/Lowerer/ASTLowerer.cpp	551:722	Ark::internal::ASTLowerer::handleCalls	4	130	42
src/arkreactor/Compiler/NameResolution/NameResolutionPass.cpp	172:292	Ark::internal::NameResolutionPass::visitKeyword	3	99	33
src/arkscript/main.cpp	23:337	main	2	268	31
src/arkreactor/Compiler/AST/Node.cpp	199:297	Ark::internal::Node::repr	0	84	28
src/arkreactor/Compiler/Lowerer/ASTLowerer.cpp	137:240	Ark::internal::ASTLowerer::compileExpression	4	85	27
src/arkreactor/Compiler/AST/Node.cpp	299:372	Ark::internal::Node::debugPrint	1	64	24
src/arkreactor/Compiler/NameResolution/NameResolutionPass.cpp	54:170	Ark::internal::NameResolutionPass::visit	2	95	23
src/arkreactor/VM/VM.cpp	2078:2184	Ark::VM::backtrace	3	91	22
src/arkreactor/Compiler/Lowerer/ASTLowerer.cpp	266:325	Ark::internal::ASTLowerer::compileListInstruction	3	49	22
src/arkreactor/Compiler/Lowerer/ASTLowerer.cpp	77:93	Ark::internal::ASTLowerer::nodeProducesOutput	1	13	15

Report about files you didn't modify in this PR

Filename	Start line:end line	Function name	Parameters	NLOC	CCN
src/arkreactor/Compiler/Macros/Processor.cpp	239:617	Ark::internal::MacroProcessor::evaluate	3	355	125
src/arkreactor/Compiler/BytecodeReader.cpp	274:557	Ark::BytecodeReader::display	4	241	95
src/arkreactor/Exceptions.cpp	87:297	Ark::Diagnostics::makeContext	9	152	61
src/arkscript/JsonCompiler.cpp	27:260	JsonCompiler::_compile	1	200	36
include/Ark/Compiler/AST/Parser.hpp	107:196	Ark::internal::ARK_APIParser::string	0	87	32
src/arkreactor/Compiler/Macros/Processor.cpp	102:185	Ark::internal::MacroProcessor::processNode	3	61	27
src/arkreactor/TypeChecker.cpp	110:194	Ark::types::generateError	5	72	24
src/arkreactor/Compiler/AST/Parser.cpp	292:427	Ark::internal::Parser::import_	0	109	23
include/utf8.hpp	138:184	utf8::isValid	1	44	21
src/arkreactor/Compiler/AST/Optimizer.cpp	33:83	Ark::internal::Optimizer::countAndPruneDeadCode	1	42	20
src/arkscript/REPL/Utils.cpp	52:184	Ark::internal::getColorPerKeyword	0	110	19
src/arkreactor/VM/Value.cpp	77:140	Ark::Value::toString	1	50	19
src/arkreactor/TypeChecker.cpp	28:108	Ark::types::displayContract	4	70	19
src/arkreactor/Compiler/NameResolution/StaticScope.cpp	68:109	Ark::internal::NamespaceScope::get	2	32	18
src/arkreactor/Compiler/Macros/Executors/Function.cpp	16:88	Ark::internal::FunctionExecutor::applyMacro	2	55	17
include/Ark/Compiler/AST/Predicates.hpp	132:156	Ark::internal::IsSymbol::operator ( )	1	24	16
src/arkscript/Formatter.cpp	168:224	Formatter::format	3	53	16
src/arkreactor/Compiler/Macros/Processor.cpp	699:738	Ark::internal::MacroProcessor::isConstEval	1	35	16
src/arkscript/Formatter.cpp	274:315	Formatter::formatFunction	2	35	15
src/arkreactor/Compiler/IntermediateRepresentation/IROptimizer.cpp	12:198	Ark::internal::IROptimizer::IROptimizer	1	163	4
src/arkreactor/Exceptions.cpp	299:310	Ark::Diagnostics::helper	9	11	2

---

CppCheck report

Filename	Line	Type	Description
include/Ark/VM/VM.inl	247	style	Variable 'maybe_value_ptr' can be declared as pointer to const
src/arkreactor/VM/Future.cpp	11	performance	Variable 'm_value' is assigned in constructor body. Consider performing initialization in initialization list.
src/arkreactor/VM/VM.cpp	371	error	Iterators of different containers 'm_execution_contexts.emplace_back(std::make_unique())' and 'm_execution_contexts.front()' are used together.

Report files about files you didn't modify in this PR

Filename	Line	Type	Description
src/arkreactor/Compiler/BytecodeReader.cpp	440	style	struct member 'Arg::kind' is never used.
src/arkreactor/VM/State.cpp	187	style	Consider using std::any_of, std::all_of, std::none_of algorithm instead of a raw loop.

[coveralls]

coverage: 87.685% (+0.8%) from 86.869%
when pulling d1e05ae on fix/field-names-qualification
into c65ea7e on dev.

[codspeed-hq]

CodSpeed Performance Report

Merging #568 will degrade performances by 2.22%

_{Comparing fix/field-names-qualification (d1e05ae) with dev (c65ea7e)}

Summary

❌ 6 (👁 6) regressions
✅ 11 untouched benchmarks

Benchmarks breakdown

	Benchmark	BASE	HEAD	Change
👁	New parser - Medium - 83 nodes[1]	852.3 µs	861 µs	-1.02%
👁	New parser - Simple - 39 nodes[0]	336.1 µs	340.5 µs	-1.31%
👁	Welder - Big - 665 nodes[2]	34.2 ms	34.7 ms	-1.43%
👁	Welder - Bigger[3]	63 ms	64 ms	-1.62%
👁	Welder - Medium - 83 nodes[1]	1.8 ms	1.8 ms	-2.03%
👁	Welder - Simple - 39 nodes[0]	930 µs	951.2 µs	-2.22%

[github-actions]

Fuzzing report

/usr/local/bin/afl-whatsup status check tool for afl-fuzz by Michal Zalewski

Summary stats

    Fuzzers alive : 0
   Dead or remote : 1 (included in stats)
   Total run time : 5 minutes, 0 seconds
      Total execs : 39 thousands
 Cumulative speed : 132 execs/sec
    Pending items : 138 faves, 1113 total
 Coverage reached : 12.46%
    Crashes saved : 0
      Hangs saved : 0

Cycles without finds : 0
Time without finds : 0

[+] Captured 47124 tuples (map size 220195, highest value 255, total values 388319515) in '/dev/null'.
[+] A coverage of 47124 edges were achieved out of 220224 existing (21.40%) with 1121 input files.