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Select HarfBuzz's language system for a variant, script, region or extended language subtag, and for Chinese other than zh (#206) - #221

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recover/206-complex-language-tags
Sep 17, 2026
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Closes #206.

This carries PR #213's change to gravitypdf. #213 was merged into its stacked base branch after that branch had already been squash-merged into gravitypdf, so its commits never reached gravitypdf and #206 stayed open. The commits are #213's own, replayed with git rebase --onto and patch-for-patch identical per git range-diff. See #213 for the full description, measurements and review.

This branch also contains the #192, #191 and #201 recovery PRs, and is merged after them.

🤖 Generated with Claude Code

jakejackson1 and others added 8 commits September 17, 2026 12:48
OtlTags::script() walked the v2-to-original table from the run's own
entry to the end, so a v2 tag the font did not offer reached the
original tag of every script listed after it: Bengali was laid out with
a font's deva lookups and the original specification's reordering, but
Devanagari never reached beng. HarfBuzz asks for dev3, dev2 and deva for
Devanagari (hb_ot_all_tags_from_script) and then DFLT, dflt and latn
(hb_ot_layout_table_select_script), never another script's tag. The
walk is now one lookup of the run's own original tag.

NotoSansBengali-DevaScript-Synthetic makes it visible: a subset of Noto
Sans Bengali with its GSUB replaced by a DFLT and a deva script, each
with a 'locl' lookup giving KA a different glyph. KA drew deva's KHA; it
now draws DFLT's GA, as hb-shape does.

One existing fixture moves. NotoSansGurmukhiUI-GPOS71-Subset offers
only gur2 and guru, so the golden master's Devanagari and Bengali runs
used to reach guru and be reordered to the original specification. They
now find no script and are left unshaped, as a run is in any font with
no entry for its script. The font has no glyph for either run.

Test font: NotoSansBengali-DevaScript-Synthetic (Noto Sans Bengali
3.011, OFL 1.1), built in fontTools 4.59.2.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
… what they cover (#192)

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
)

OtlTags::language() fell back from the language subtag to the language
and region run together, 'zhhk', but the only region keys in
Ucdn::$ot_languages are written with a hyphen, 'zh-hk'. The branch could
never match, so zh-HK, zh-TW, zh-MO, zh-CN and zh-SG all laid text out
with the script's DFLT entry. It now joins them with the hyphen.

No font in tests/data/ttf or packages/ has a Chinese language system.
NotoSansTC-RegionLangSys-Synthetic is a subset of Noto Sans TC whose
GSUB offers hani with a 'locl' lookup under each of ZHH, ZHS and ZHT,
giving the same character a different glyph under each. For every row
of the issue's table and zh-Hant-HK, mPDF now draws the glyph
hb-shape --language draws. No existing fixture moves: the golden
masters set no language.

HarfBuzz also reads the script subtag, takes ZHS for bare zh, and
ZHTM then ZHH for Macao. That is #201, and OtlTagsTest pins zh, zh-Hant
and zh-Hans as they stand.

Test font: NotoSansTC-RegionLangSys-Synthetic (Noto Sans TC 2.004, OFL
1.1), built in fontTools 4.59.2.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
)

OtlTagsTest covers every row of the issue's table; the shaping test
needs only show that each of ZHH, ZHS and ZHT reaches GSUB.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
… ZHTM then ZHH for Macao (#201)

OtlTags::language() read the language subtag, then the language and
region. Nothing mapped a script subtag and bare zh had no key, so zh,
zh-Hans and zh-Hant laid text out with the script's DFLT entry, and a
script that disagreed with its region took the region's tag: zh-Hans-HK
got ZHH, zh-Hant-CN got ZHS. Macao got ZHT.

Chinese now follows HarfBuzz 14.3.1's hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language():
Traditional in Hong Kong or Macao keeps the region's tag, then Hans is
ZHS and Hant is ZHT whatever the region, then a hk, mo or tw subtag
gives ZHH, ZHTM then ZHH, or ZHT, and anything else is ZHS. language()
tries each candidate against the script in turn, so its return value and
Otl.php are unchanged.

zh on its own now selects ZHS where a font offers it. No font in
tests/data/ttf or packages/ has a Chinese language system other than the
synthetic test fonts, and no golden master or snapshot sets lang="zh".

NotoSansTC-MacaoLangSys-Synthetic is #191's font with 四 under a fourth
language system, ZHTM. For every case in ChineseLangSysTest mPDF draws
the glyph hb-shape --language draws.

Test font: NotoSansTC-MacaoLangSys-Synthetic (Noto Sans TC 2.004, OFL
1.1), built in fontTools 4.59.2.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
… one place (#201)

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
…tended language subtag, and for Chinese other than zh (#206)

OtlTags::language() looked a tag up by its first subtag, with Chinese
the one exception. HarfBuzz 14.3.1 reads more of it, and mPDF now tries
the candidates in HarfBuzz's order (hb_ot_tags_from_language() and
hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language()):

1. -fonnapa, -polyton, -arevmda, -provenc, -fonipa, -geok, -syre,
   -syrj or -syrn after any language
2. a retired tag read whole: art-lojban, i-hak, i-lux, i-navajo,
   no-bok, no-nyn, zh-min, zh-min-nan
3. ga-Latg IRT, mnw-TH MONT, ro-MD MOL then ROM
4. Chinese scripts and regions, for every Chinese language
5. an extended language subtag, zh-yue ZHH
6. the language subtag, trying each of its tags in turn

Only subtags before the first singleton count, as in HarfBuzz.

Ucdn::$ot_languages gains zh and the nineteen other Chinese languages
HarfBuzz maps (yue ZHH, lzh ZHT, the rest ZHS), gives ga IRI then IRT,
and adds nv as NAV then ATH. Hans makes yue and lzh ZHS; any other
script or region leaves them their own tag, where zh and its other
members take zh's rules. The five zh- region keys are removed: nothing
has read them since #201, and zh-mo's ZHT was wrong.

An extended language Ucdn has no key for keeps the language subtag's
tags, so ar-afb stays ARA. HarfBuzz's table gives most extended
languages their macrolanguage's tag and the rest their ISO 639-3 code;
syncing the table is left to its own issue.

A font offering only IRT now lays out lang="ga" with it, one offering
MOL lays out ro-MD with it rather than ROM (DejaVu Sans and Serif
offer both under latn), and NotoSans-Regular's NAV, IPPH and APPH now
serve nv, -fonipa and -fonnapa. No golden master or snapshot sets a
language, and no fixture moves.

Noto-LanguageTags-Synthetic merges subsets of Noto Sans TC, Georgian,
Myanmar and Syriac with a 'locl' lookup under each of PGR, IRT, MOL,
MONT, PRO, SYRE, IPPH, KGE, ATH, ZHS, ZHT and ZHH. For every row of the
issue's table mPDF now draws the glyph hb-shape --language draws, where
before it drew the unsubstituted one or ZHS's.

Test font: Noto-LanguageTags-Synthetic (Noto Sans TC 2.004, Noto Sans
Georgian 2.005, Noto Sans Myanmar 2.107, Noto Sans Syriac 3.000, all
OFL 1.1), built in fontTools 4.59.2.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
…e() whether a language is Chinese (#206)

The singleton cut becomes one preg_replace, the language comes off the
front of the subtags so one array serves every rule, chinese() owns
the test for a Chinese tag, and the extended language is looked up
once. An empty tag returns before any of it, as it did before #206.

Every expectation still matches hb_ot_tags_from_script_and_language(),
the 87,094-tag comparison with HarfBuzz's own table differs only where
it did, and each mechanism's mutation fails the same tests.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
@jakejackson1 jakejackson1 added bug Something isn't working create-upstream-pr labels Sep 17, 2026
@jakejackson1
jakejackson1 merged commit c9d6b0d into gravitypdf Sep 17, 2026
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A variant, script or region subtag never selects the language system HarfBuzz picks outside zh, e.g. el-polyton, ro-MD, yue

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