change semantics of problem construction in cuOptReadProblem

cpp/cuopt_cli.cpp

@@ -138,8 +138,11 @@ int run_single_file(const std::string& file_path,
       std::make_unique<cuopt::mathematical_optimization::cpu_optimization_problem_t<int, double>>();
   }
 
-  cuopt::mathematical_optimization::populate_from_mps_data_model(problem_interface.get(),
-                                                                 mps_data_model);
+  // adopt_from_mps_data_model moves the parsed storage into a HOST-backed problem and falls back to
+  // a copy/H2D populate for a DEVICE-backed problem, so this single call is correct for either
+  // backend. Nothing reads mps_data_model afterward (names come from problem_interface below).
+  cuopt::mathematical_optimization::adopt_from_mps_data_model(problem_interface.get(),
+                                                              std::move(mps_data_model));
 
   const bool is_mip = (problem_interface->get_problem_category() ==
                          cuopt::mathematical_optimization::problem_category_t::MIP ||
@@ -152,7 +155,7 @@ int run_single_file(const std::string& file_path,
       initial_solution_file.empty()
         ? std::vector<double>()
         : cuopt::mathematical_optimization::solution_reader_t::get_variable_values_from_sol_file(
-            initial_solution_file, mps_data_model.get_variable_names());
+            initial_solution_file, problem_interface->get_variable_names());
 
     if (is_mip) {
       auto& mip_settings = settings.get_mip_settings();

cpp/include/cuopt/mathematical_optimization/cpu_optimization_problem.hpp

@@ -18,6 +18,11 @@
 #include <string>
 #include <vector>
 
+namespace cuopt::mathematical_optimization::io {
+template <typename i_t, typename f_t>
+class mps_data_model_t;
+}  // namespace cuopt::mathematical_optimization::io
+
 namespace cuopt::mathematical_optimization {
 
 // Forward declarations
@@ -77,6 +82,13 @@ class cpu_optimization_problem_t : public optimization_problem_interface_t<i_t,
   void set_variable_names(const std::vector<std::string>& variable_names) override;
   void set_row_names(const std::vector<std::string>& row_names) override;
 
+  /**
+   * @brief Transfer parsed MPS/QPS storage into this CPU problem without copying array/string data.
+   *
+   * The model is left in a moved-from state and must not be used afterward.
+   */
+  void adopt_from_mps_data_model(io::mps_data_model_t<i_t, f_t>&& data_model);
+
   // Device getters - throw exceptions (not supported for CPU implementation)
   i_t get_n_variables() const override;
   i_t get_n_constraints() const override;

cpp/include/cuopt/mathematical_optimization/optimization_problem_utils.hpp

@@ -136,6 +136,27 @@ void populate_from_mps_data_model(optimization_problem_interface_t<i_t, f_t>* pr
   }
 }
 
+/**
+ * @brief Transfer parsed MPS/QPS storage into a CPU-backed problem without copying payload arrays.
+ *
+ * For GPU-backed problems this falls back to populate_from_mps_data_model (copy/H2D path).
+ *
+ * @tparam i_t Integer type for indices
+ * @tparam f_t Floating point type for values
+ * @param[out] problem The optimization problem interface to populate
+ * @param[in] data_model Parsed model; moved-from on return for CPU adopt
+ */
+template <typename i_t, typename f_t>
+void adopt_from_mps_data_model(optimization_problem_interface_t<i_t, f_t>* problem,
+                               io::mps_data_model_t<i_t, f_t>&& data_model)
+{
+  if (auto* cpu_problem = dynamic_cast<cpu_optimization_problem_t<i_t, f_t>*>(problem)) {
+    cpu_problem->adopt_from_mps_data_model(std::move(data_model));
+    return;
+  }
+  populate_from_mps_data_model(problem, data_model);
+}
+
 /**
  * @brief Helper function to populate optimization_problem_interface_t from data_model_view_t
  *

cpp/src/pdlp/cpu_optimization_problem.cpp

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 #include <cuopt/error.hpp>
 #include <cuopt/mathematical_optimization/cpu_optimization_problem.hpp>
 #include <cuopt/mathematical_optimization/csr_matrix_utils.hpp>
+#include <cuopt/mathematical_optimization/io/mps_data_model.hpp>
 #include <cuopt/mathematical_optimization/optimization_problem.hpp>
 #include <cuopt/mathematical_optimization/optimization_problem_utils.hpp>
 #include <cuopt/mathematical_optimization/solve_remote.hpp>
@@ -25,6 +26,26 @@
 
 namespace cuopt::mathematical_optimization {
 
+namespace {
+
+// Classify a problem as LP / MIP / IP from its (enum) variable types. Single source of truth
+// shared by set_variable_types() and adopt_from_mps_data_model() so the detection rule lives in
+// one place. Empty types (no variables declared) classify as LP, matching the populate path where
+// set_variable_types() is skipped and the category keeps its LP default.
+problem_category_t problem_category_from_variable_types(const std::vector<var_t>& variable_types)
+{
+  if (variable_types.empty()) { return problem_category_t::LP; }
+  const std::size_t n_discrete = static_cast<std::size_t>(
+    std::count_if(variable_types.begin(), variable_types.end(), [](var_t v) {
+      return v == var_t::INTEGER || v == var_t::SEMI_CONTINUOUS;
+    }));
+  if (n_discrete == variable_types.size()) { return problem_category_t::IP; }
+  if (n_discrete > 0) { return problem_category_t::MIP; }
+  return problem_category_t::LP;
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+
 // ==============================================================================
 // Constructor
 // ==============================================================================
@@ -210,18 +231,7 @@ void cpu_optimization_problem_t<i_t, f_t>::set_variable_types(const var_t* varia
   variable_types_.resize(size);
   std::copy(variable_types, variable_types + size, variable_types_.begin());
 
-  // Auto-detect problem category based on variable types (matching original optimization_problem_t)
-  i_t n_discrete = std::count_if(variable_types_.begin(), variable_types_.end(), [](auto val) {
-    return val == var_t::INTEGER || val == var_t::SEMI_CONTINUOUS;
-  });
-  // By default it is LP
-  if (n_discrete == size) {
-    problem_category_ = problem_category_t::IP;
-  } else if (n_discrete > 0) {
-    problem_category_ = problem_category_t::MIP;
-  } else {
-    problem_category_ = problem_category_t::LP;
-  }
+  problem_category_ = problem_category_from_variable_types(variable_types_);
 }
 
 template <typename i_t, typename f_t>
@@ -1095,6 +1105,83 @@ void cpu_optimization_problem_t<i_t, f_t>::copy_variable_types_to_host(var_t* ou
   std::copy(variable_types_.begin(), variable_types_.begin() + size, output);
 }
 
+// ==============================================================================
+// adopt_from_mps_data_model
+// ==============================================================================
+
+namespace {
+
+template <typename i_t, typename f_t>
+void move_quadratic_constraints_from_model(
+  cpu_optimization_problem_t<i_t, f_t>& problem,
+  std::vector<typename io::mps_data_model_t<i_t, f_t>::quadratic_constraint_t>& model_constraints)
+{
+  using model_qc_t = typename io::mps_data_model_t<i_t, f_t>::quadratic_constraint_t;
+  std::vector<typename cpu_optimization_problem_t<i_t, f_t>::quadratic_constraint_t> converted;
+  converted.reserve(model_constraints.size());
+  for (model_qc_t& qc : model_constraints) {
+    converted.push_back({qc.constraint_row_index,
+                         std::move(qc.constraint_row_name),
+                         qc.constraint_row_type,
+                         std::move(qc.linear_values),
+                         std::move(qc.linear_indices),
+                         qc.rhs_value,
+                         std::move(qc.rows),
+                         std::move(qc.cols),
+                         std::move(qc.vals)});
+  }
+  model_constraints.clear();
+  problem.set_quadratic_constraints(std::move(converted));
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+
+template <typename i_t, typename f_t>
+void cpu_optimization_problem_t<i_t, f_t>::adopt_from_mps_data_model(
+  io::mps_data_model_t<i_t, f_t>&& model)
+{
+  maximize_                 = model.maximize_;
+  n_vars_                   = model.n_vars_;
+  n_constraints_            = model.n_constraints_;
+  objective_scaling_factor_ = model.objective_scaling_factor_;
+  objective_offset_         = model.objective_offset_;
+
+  A_                       = std::move(model.A_);
+  A_indices_               = std::move(model.A_indices_);
+  A_offsets_               = std::move(model.A_offsets_);
+  b_                       = std::move(model.b_);
+  c_                       = std::move(model.c_);
+  constraint_lower_bounds_ = std::move(model.constraint_lower_bounds_);
+  constraint_upper_bounds_ = std::move(model.constraint_upper_bounds_);
+  row_types_               = std::move(model.row_types_);
+  variable_lower_bounds_   = std::move(model.variable_lower_bounds_);
+  variable_upper_bounds_   = std::move(model.variable_upper_bounds_);
+
+  objective_name_ = std::move(model.objective_name_);
+  problem_name_   = std::move(model.problem_name_);
+  var_names_      = std::move(model.var_names_);
+  row_names_      = std::move(model.row_names_);
+
+  Q_values_  = std::move(model.Q_objective_values_);
+  Q_indices_ = std::move(model.Q_objective_indices_);
+  Q_offsets_ = std::move(model.Q_objective_offsets_);
+
+  variable_types_.resize(model.var_types_.size());
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < model.var_types_.size(); ++i) {
+    variable_types_[i] = char_to_var_type(model.var_types_[i]);
+  }
+  problem_category_ = problem_category_from_variable_types(variable_types_);
+
+  if (model.has_quadratic_constraints()) {
+    move_quadratic_constraints_from_model(*this, model.quadratic_constraints_);
+  }
+
+  model.var_types_.clear();
+  model.n_vars_        = 0;
+  model.n_constraints_ = 0;
+  model.nnz_           = 0;
+}
+
 // ==============================================================================
 // Template instantiations matching optimization_problem_t
 // ==============================================================================

cpp/src/pdlp/cuopt_c.cpp

@@ -217,9 +217,11 @@ cuopt_int_t cuOptReadProblem(const char* filename, cuOptOptimizationProblem* pro
     }
   }
 
-  // Populate interface directly from MPS data model (avoids temporary GPU allocation)
-  cuopt::mathematical_optimization::populate_from_mps_data_model(problem_and_stream->get_problem(),
-                                                                 *mps_data_model_ptr);
+  // Transfer parsed payload into the problem. adopt_from_mps_data_model moves the model's storage
+  // into a HOST-backed problem and falls back to a copy/H2D populate for a DEVICE-backed problem,
+  // so the same call is correct regardless of the memory backend.
+  cuopt::mathematical_optimization::adopt_from_mps_data_model(problem_and_stream->get_problem(),
+                                                              std::move(*mps_data_model_ptr));
 
   *problem_ptr = static_cast<cuOptOptimizationProblem>(problem_and_stream);
   return CUOPT_SUCCESS;

cpp/tests/linear_programming/unit_tests/solution_interface_test.cu

@@ -424,6 +424,97 @@ End
   EXPECT_NEAR(problem.get_quadratic_constraints()[0].rhs_value, 0.5, 1e-9);
 }
 
+// Build one CPU problem by copying the model (populate) and another by moving an equal model
+// (adopt), then assert the two are field-for-field identical. Guards the adopt path against
+// silently dropping or mis-moving any member.
+static void expect_adopt_matches_populate(const io::mps_data_model_t<int, double>& model_src)
+{
+  io::mps_data_model_t<int, double> model_for_copy = model_src;
+  io::mps_data_model_t<int, double> model_for_move = model_src;
+
+  cpu_optimization_problem_t<int, double> copied;
+  populate_from_mps_data_model(&copied, model_for_copy);
+
+  cpu_optimization_problem_t<int, double> moved;
+  adopt_from_mps_data_model(&moved, std::move(model_for_move));
+
+  // Scalars
+  EXPECT_EQ(copied.get_n_variables(), moved.get_n_variables());
+  EXPECT_EQ(copied.get_n_constraints(), moved.get_n_constraints());
+  EXPECT_EQ(copied.get_nnz(), moved.get_nnz());
+  EXPECT_EQ(copied.get_n_integers(), moved.get_n_integers());
+  EXPECT_EQ(copied.get_problem_category(), moved.get_problem_category());
+  EXPECT_EQ(copied.get_sense(), moved.get_sense());
+  EXPECT_DOUBLE_EQ(copied.get_objective_offset(), moved.get_objective_offset());
+  EXPECT_DOUBLE_EQ(copied.get_objective_scaling_factor(), moved.get_objective_scaling_factor());
+  EXPECT_EQ(copied.has_quadratic_objective(), moved.has_quadratic_objective());
+  EXPECT_EQ(copied.has_quadratic_constraints(), moved.has_quadratic_constraints());
+
+  // Numeric / char / string arrays
+  EXPECT_EQ(copied.get_constraint_matrix_values_host(), moved.get_constraint_matrix_values_host());
+  EXPECT_EQ(copied.get_constraint_matrix_indices_host(),
+            moved.get_constraint_matrix_indices_host());
+  EXPECT_EQ(copied.get_constraint_matrix_offsets_host(),
+            moved.get_constraint_matrix_offsets_host());
+  EXPECT_EQ(copied.get_constraint_bounds_host(), moved.get_constraint_bounds_host());
+  EXPECT_EQ(copied.get_constraint_lower_bounds_host(), moved.get_constraint_lower_bounds_host());
+  EXPECT_EQ(copied.get_constraint_upper_bounds_host(), moved.get_constraint_upper_bounds_host());
+  EXPECT_EQ(copied.get_objective_coefficients_host(), moved.get_objective_coefficients_host());
+  EXPECT_EQ(copied.get_variable_lower_bounds_host(), moved.get_variable_lower_bounds_host());
+  EXPECT_EQ(copied.get_variable_upper_bounds_host(), moved.get_variable_upper_bounds_host());
+  EXPECT_EQ(copied.get_row_types_host(), moved.get_row_types_host());
+  EXPECT_EQ(copied.get_variable_types_host(), moved.get_variable_types_host());
+  EXPECT_EQ(copied.get_variable_names(), moved.get_variable_names());
+  EXPECT_EQ(copied.get_row_names(), moved.get_row_names());
+
+  // Quadratic objective (CSR)
+  EXPECT_EQ(copied.get_quadratic_objective_values(), moved.get_quadratic_objective_values());
+  EXPECT_EQ(copied.get_quadratic_objective_indices(), moved.get_quadratic_objective_indices());
+  EXPECT_EQ(copied.get_quadratic_objective_offsets(), moved.get_quadratic_objective_offsets());
+
+  // Quadratic constraints (compare size + per-row key fields)
+  const auto& qc_copied = copied.get_quadratic_constraints();
+  const auto& qc_moved  = moved.get_quadratic_constraints();
+  ASSERT_EQ(qc_copied.size(), qc_moved.size());
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < qc_copied.size(); ++i) {
+    EXPECT_EQ(qc_copied[i].constraint_row_name, qc_moved[i].constraint_row_name);
+    EXPECT_EQ(qc_copied[i].constraint_row_type, qc_moved[i].constraint_row_type);
+    EXPECT_DOUBLE_EQ(qc_copied[i].rhs_value, qc_moved[i].rhs_value);
+    EXPECT_EQ(qc_copied[i].linear_values, qc_moved[i].linear_values);
+    EXPECT_EQ(qc_copied[i].linear_indices, qc_moved[i].linear_indices);
+    EXPECT_EQ(qc_copied[i].rows, qc_moved[i].rows);
+    EXPECT_EQ(qc_copied[i].cols, qc_moved[i].cols);
+    EXPECT_EQ(qc_copied[i].vals, qc_moved[i].vals);
+  }
+
+  // The moved-from model must be left empty (adopt consumed it).
+  EXPECT_EQ(model_for_move.get_n_variables(), 0);
+  EXPECT_EQ(model_for_move.get_n_constraints(), 0);
+}
+
+// adopt_from_mps_data_model must produce a problem identical to populate_from_mps_data_model.
+TEST_F(SolutionInterfaceTest, adopt_matches_populate_lp_file)
+{
+  const auto model = cuopt::mathematical_optimization::io::read_mps<int, double>(lp_file_);
+  expect_adopt_matches_populate(model);
+}
+
+TEST_F(SolutionInterfaceTest, adopt_matches_populate_quadratic_constraints)
+{
+  const auto model = cuopt::mathematical_optimization::io::read_lp_from_string<int, double>(R"LP(
+Minimize
+  obj: x + y
+Subject To
+  q0: [ 4 x * y ] <= 0.5
+Bounds
+  -1 <= x <= 1
+  -1 <= y <= 1
+End
+)LP");
+  ASSERT_TRUE(model.has_quadratic_constraints());
+  expect_adopt_matches_populate(model);
+}
+
 // =============================================================================
 // Solution conversion tests (hand-constructed, known values)
 // =============================================================================