Add US production tax credits input file

[danielelerede-oet]

Changes proposed in this Pull Request

Hi! @finozzifa and I are developing this PR to account for Production Tax Credits (PTC) from the Inflation Reduction Act 2022 to modify VOM for US-specific inputs file taking into account the reductions from PTC in the Market case in the output US file for some technologies (biomass, hydro, solar utility and onshore wind)

Checklist

• Code changes are sufficiently documented; i.e. new functions contain docstrings and further explanations may be given in doc.
• [ X ] Data source for new technologies is clearly stated.
• Newly introduced dependencies are added to environment.yaml (if applicable).
• A note for the release notes doc/release_notes.rst of the upcoming release is included.
• I consent to the release of this PR's code under the GPLv3 license.

[fneum]

Not sure this is the right repository for this. So far, the technology-data repository does not consider any policies -- and I am inclined to say that it should stay that way.

[danielelerede-oet]

Hi @fneum it's actually a good discussion point. Since we are including production tax credits in the US folder only (where we have the "Market" and "R&D" financial case scenarios) the idea was to subtract production tax credits to VOM in the Market case only - which is the one where they should only be actually applied. Do you think it's better to avoid that? In that case, it would be also needed to modify the US-specific cost files removing the financial_case column, as it would make no sense without the application of tax credits.

cc @finozzifa

[euronion]

Since all technology data can be considered to be subject to one or the other type of policy, maybe we can make room for policy-dependent technology data in the future?

We haven't included it into the repo so far yet, and we indeed would need to find a good structure on how to incorporate.