[Python] Deprecate Feather reader and writer

[pitrou]

Describe the enhancement requested

See #49231 for rationale.

As for the C++ side, we could deprecate the reader and writer at the same time but schedule their respective removals at different times.

Component(s)

Python

[pitrou]

@AlenkaF @rok

[piyushka-ally]

Hey, would it be okay if I tackle this issue?

[raulcd]

@piyushka-ally sure, I've assigned you the issue

[piyushka-ally]

Could a maintainer please add the Component: Python label to this issue? The CI bot is flagging the associated PR (#49590) for missing component labels. Thanks!

[AlenkaF]

@pitrou the linked PR that deprecates Feather reader and writer in PyArrow can be merged if we agree Python deprecation gets merged before C++ does (I think there is no PR yet for C++?). Otherwise I can tackle the C++ deprecation when I get a chance and we merge Python and C++ together. What do you think?

[pitrou]

+1 for merging this without waiting.