GH-49738: [R][CI] Re-enable GCC+LTO job once rhub has a GCC 15 image

.github/workflows/r.yml

@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ jobs:
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
-        r: ["4.4"]
+        r: ["4.5"]
         ubuntu: [24.04]
         force-tests: ["true"]
     env:

.github/workflows/r_extra.yml

@@ -129,34 +129,21 @@ jobs:
             image: r
             runs-on: ubuntu-latest
             title: Rhub
-          # Disabled: rhub/ubuntu-gcc12 image uses GCC 12 but CRAN now uses GCC 15.
-          # See https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/49737
-          # Re-enable once r-hub/containers provides a GCC 15 image (#49738).
-          # - envs:
-          #     - R_CUSTOM_CCACHE=true
-          #     - R_IMAGE=ubuntu-gcc12
-          #     - R_ORG=rhub
-          #   image: r
-          #   runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-          #   title: Rhub GCC 12
-          # Disabled: rhub/gcc13 image uses GCC 13 but CRAN now uses GCC 15.
-          # See https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/49737
-          # Re-enable once r-hub/containers provides a GCC 15 image (#49738).
-          # - envs:
-          #     - R_IMAGE=gcc13
-          #     - R_ORG=rhub
-          #   image: r
-          #   runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-          #   run-options: >-
-          #     -e INSTALL_ARGS=--use-LTO
-          #   title: Rhub GCC 13 with LTO
+          - envs:
+              - R_IMAGE=ubuntu-gcc15
+              - R_ORG=rhub
+            image: r
+            runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+            run-options: >-
+              -e INSTALL_ARGS=--use-LTO
+            title: Rhub GCC 15 with LTO
           - envs:
               - R_IMAGE=r-base
               - R_ORG=rstudio
-              - R_TAG=4.2-jammy
+              - R_TAG=4.4-jammy
             image: r
             runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-            title: RStudio R-Base 4.2
+            title: RStudio R-Base 4.4
     env:
       ARCHERY_DEBUG: 1
       ARROW_ENABLE_TIMING_TESTS: OFF

dev/tasks/r/github.linux.versions.yml

@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ jobs:
           - "4.1"
           - "4.2"
           - "4.3"
+          - "4.4"
     env:
       R_ORG: "rstudio"
       R_IMAGE: "r-base"

r/tests/testthat/helper-arrow.R

@@ -35,19 +35,25 @@ options(arrow.pull_as_vector = FALSE)
 
 with_language <- function(lang, expr) {
   skip_on_cran()
-  old <- Sys.getenv("LANGUAGE")
-  # Check what this message is before changing languages; this will
-  # trigger caching the translations if the OS does that (some do).
-  # If the OS does cache, then we can't test changing languages safely.
-  before <- i18ize_error_messages()
-  Sys.setenv(LANGUAGE = lang)
-  on.exit({
-    Sys.setenv(LANGUAGE = old)
+  # We know we're LANGUAGE=en because we just set it above.
+  # We only need to check whether we can change languages if we're not "en".
+  if (!identical(lang, "en")) {
     .cache$i18ized_error_pattern <<- NULL
-  })
-  if (!identical(before, i18ize_error_messages())) {
-    skip(paste("This OS either does not support changing languages to", lang, "or it caches translations"))
+    old <- Sys.getenv("LANGUAGE")
+    # Check what this message is before changing languages; this will
+    # trigger caching the translations if the OS does that (some do).
+    # If the OS does cache, then we can't test changing languages safely.
+    before <- i18ize_error_messages()
+    Sys.setenv(LANGUAGE = lang)
+    on.exit({
+      Sys.setenv(LANGUAGE = old)
+      .cache$i18ized_error_pattern <<- NULL
+    })
+    if (identical(before, i18ize_error_messages())) {
+      skip(paste("This OS either does not support changing languages to", lang, "or it caches translations"))
+    }
   }
+
   force(expr)
 }