[GLUTEN-12850][VL] Support multiple Dev Container configurations

[felipepessoto]

What changes are proposed in this pull request?

Fixes #12850.

Follow-up to #12778, which made the dynamic-link image the default development environment.

• Keep .devcontainer/devcontainer.json as the default dynamic-link configuration for daily Velox development and Spark unit tests.
• Add .devcontainer/velox-static/devcontainer.json for portable jar packaging and vcpkg issue reproduction.
• Share the post-create setup while printing build instructions for the selected configuration.
• Keep dynamic and static ccache/Maven state separate, and persist the static image's /var/cache/vcpkg binary cache.
• Keep cloud-filesystem dependencies and native tests disabled in the static packaging workflow unless explicitly requested.
• Select the arm64 vcpkg triplet automatically when the static configuration runs on arm64.
• Document configuration selection in VS Code and Codespaces, image limitations, resource requirements and safe switching.

The Spark 4.1 instructions now explicitly switch the dynamic environment from its default JDK 8 to JDK 17:

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-17-openjdk
export PATH="$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH"
java -version  # must report 17

buildbundle-veloxbe.sh adds the Java 17 Maven profile and release target for Spark 4.x, but a Maven profile cannot switch the JDK that is already running. Without this step Scala fails with '17' is not a valid choice for '-release'.

How was this patch tested?

• Parsed both configurations with @devcontainers/cli 0.88.0 read-configuration.

• Ran both post-create variants and verified the dynamic Spark 4.1 instructions, static packaging instructions, unknown-variant failure and idempotent arm64 environment setup.

• Built Spark 4.1 under OpenJDK 17 with the same Maven command used by buildbundle-veloxbe.sh: BUILD SUCCESS in 4:23, producing gluten-package-1.8.0-SNAPSHOT-4.1.jar.

• Validated the final static command end to end on CentOS 9/GCC 12/JDK 17 using the Maven repository and vcpkg binary cache extracted from apache/gluten:vcpkg-centos-9:

  ./dev/buildbundle-veloxbe.sh --enable_vcpkg=ON --build_arrow=OFF \
                               --spark_version=3.5

  The build processed 124 vcpkg packages, completed in 24:55 and produced cpp/build/releases/libgluten.so plus the 88 MB gluten-velox-bundle-spark3.5_2.12-linux_amd64-1.8.0-SNAPSHOT.jar.

• Ran bash -n, the license-header check, git diff --check and VS Code diagnostics with no errors.

Was this patch authored or co-authored using generative AI tooling?

Generated-by: GitHub Copilot CLI gpt-5.6-sol

[Copilot]

Pull request overview

This PR extends Gluten’s Dev Container support to a multi-configuration setup (dynamic-link as the default plus an additional static-link option), sharing common post-create initialization while updating developer documentation to describe configuration selection, intended use cases, and build/test workflows (including explicit JDK 17 switching for Spark 4.x in the dynamic image).

Changes:

• Adds a new .devcontainer/velox-static/devcontainer.json configuration for static-link packaging and vcpkg reproduction while keeping .devcontainer/devcontainer.json as the default dynamic-link workflow.
• Updates the shared .devcontainer/post-create.sh to tailor printed instructions and arm64 static vcpkg environment setup based on the selected configuration.
• Refreshes developer docs to describe configuration choice in VS Code/Codespaces and to document build/test commands for each configuration.

Reviewed changes

Copilot reviewed 5 out of 5 changed files in this pull request and generated no comments.

Show a summary per file

File	Description
docs/developers/NewToGluten.md	Updates Dev Container references to the new multi-configuration layout under .devcontainer/.
docs/developers/dev-container.md	Documents configuration selection and provides updated dynamic/static build and test instructions (including Spark 4.x JDK 17 guidance).
.devcontainer/devcontainer.json	Marks the default dynamic-link config as the daily-dev option and sets GLUTEN_DEV_CONTAINER_VARIANT=velox-dynamic.
.devcontainer/velox-static/devcontainer.json	Introduces a static-link configuration with separate persisted caches (including /var/cache/vcpkg) and higher host requirements.
.devcontainer/post-create.sh	Shares setup across configs while printing variant-specific instructions and adding arm64 static vcpkg environment exports.

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[Copilot]

Pull request overview

Copilot reviewed 5 out of 5 changed files in this pull request and generated 1 comment.

Suppressed comments (1)

Previously missed (1) — in code that hasn't changed since the last review.

docs/developers/NewToGluten.md:49

• The sentence refers to a single “pre-built Docker image”, but the repository now ships multiple Dev Container configurations under .devcontainer/ that can use different images. This wording is slightly misleading; consider pluralizing to reflect that the selected configuration determines the image.

To skip the manual environment setup, you can develop Gluten inside a pre-built Docker
image using the [Dev Container](https://containers.dev/) configurations under
`.devcontainer/`. See [Dev Containers](./dev-container.md) for configuration,
build and test instructions.