Add msgo/module telemetry counters

[gdams]

Summary

Add a SHA-256 hash of the Go module path as a custom property on the go/invocations telemetry event, and vendor the updated go-infra/telemetry dependency (which includes support for counter properties and property filtering).

fixes: https://github.com/microsoft/go-lab/issues/382

New telemetry

msgo/module/hash property on go/invocations

When go/invocations is recorded, the nearest go.mod file is located and the module path is hashed using SHA-256. The resulting hash is sent as a custom property (msgo/module/hash) on the go/invocations event. This is a one-way hash — the original module path cannot be recovered from it.

The hash is only sent when a go.mod file is found. If no go.mod is present, go/invocations is sent without the property.

Dependency changes

• Updated vendored github.com/microsoft/go-infra/telemetry to include support for NewWithProperties(), PropertyFilter, and counter property configuration in config.json.

Patch changes

• Patch 0001 (Vendor external dependencies): Updated go-infra/telemetry dependency version with property support.
• Patch 0009 (Add appinsights telemetry): Added module hash computation and NewWithProperties call in Inc().

Documentation

• Updated eng/doc/Telemetry.md to document the new msgo/module/hash property and clarify that module names are not collected (only hashes).

[dagood]

Discussion in https://github.com/microsoft/go-lab/issues/382

[karianna]

@gdams - needs a rebase

[gdams]

cherry-picking the CI counter out into #2314

[Copilot]

Copilot's findings

• Files reviewed: 3/3 changed files
• Comments generated: 4