feat: per-command configs via INI [section] syntax

docs/lib/content/configuring-npm/npmrc.md

@@ -184,6 +184,44 @@ export ELECTRON_CUSTOM_DIR="{{ version }}"
 Environment variables are the most portable approach and work regardless
 of `.npmrc` format.
 
+### Command-specific configuration
+
+You can scope configuration to a specific npm command using INI section
+headers. For example, to use a different registry only when publishing:
+
+```ini
+registry=http://localhost:1337/npm
+
+[publish]
+registry=https://registry.npmjs.org/
+```
+
+Any npm configuration option can be placed inside a command section. The
+section name must match an npm command name (e.g., `[install]`, `[publish]`,
+`[audit]`).
+
+Command-specific configs follow the standard priority cascade
+(builtin < global < user < project), but **command sections always override
+non-sectioned values from any file layer**. CLI flags (`--registry=...`)
+and environment variables (`npm_config_registry=...`) still take the
+highest precedence.
+
+You can manage command-scoped configs using the `--command` flag:
+
+```bash
+# Set a registry only for publish
+npm config set registry=https://registry.npmjs.org/ --command=publish
+
+# Get the publish-scoped registry value
+npm config get registry --command=publish
+
+# Delete a command-scoped value
+npm config delete registry --command=publish
+```
+
+Command sections work in all `.npmrc` files: per-project, per-user,
+global, and builtin.
+
 ### See also
 
 * [npm folders](/configuring-npm/folders)

lib/commands/config.js

@@ -85,6 +85,7 @@ class Config extends BaseCommand {
     'editor',
     'location',
     'long',
+    'command',
   ]
 
   static ignoreImplicitWorkspace = false
@@ -163,6 +164,8 @@ class Config extends BaseCommand {
     }
 
     const where = this.npm.flatOptions.location
+    const commandScope = this.npm.config.get('command')
+
     for (const [key, val] of Object.entries(keyValues(args))) {
       log.info('config', 'set %j %j', key, val)
       const baseKey = key.split(':').pop()
@@ -176,10 +179,18 @@ class Config extends BaseCommand {
         )
       }
 
-      if (val === '') {
-        this.npm.config.delete(key, where)
+      if (commandScope) {
+        if (val === '') {
+          this.npm.config.deleteCommandConfig(commandScope, key, where)
+        } else {
+          this.npm.config.setCommandConfig(commandScope, key, val, where)
+        }
       } else {
-        this.npm.config.set(key, val, where)
+        if (val === '') {
+          this.npm.config.delete(key, where)
+        } else {
+          this.npm.config.set(key, val, where)
+        }
       }
 
       if (!this.npm.config.validate(where)) {
@@ -195,9 +206,18 @@ class Config extends BaseCommand {
       return this.list()
     }
 
+    const commandScope = this.npm.config.get('command')
     const out = []
     for (const key of keys) {
-      const val = this.npm.config.get(key)
+      let val
+      if (commandScope) {
+        val = this.npm.config.getCommandConfig(commandScope, key)
+        if (val === undefined) {
+          val = this.npm.config.get(key)
+        }
+      } else {
+        val = this.npm.config.get(key)
+      }
       if (isPrivate(key, val)) {
         throw new Error(`The ${key} option is protected, and cannot be retrieved in this way`)
       }
@@ -214,8 +234,14 @@ class Config extends BaseCommand {
     }
 
     const where = this.npm.flatOptions.location
+    const commandScope = this.npm.config.get('command')
+
     for (const key of keys) {
-      this.npm.config.delete(key, where)
+      if (commandScope) {
+        this.npm.config.deleteCommandConfig(commandScope, key, where)
+      } else {
+        this.npm.config.delete(key, where)
+      }
     }
     await this.npm.config.save(where)
   }

lib/npm.js

@@ -110,6 +110,9 @@ class Npm {
     // This is the actual name of the command that will be run or undefined if deref could not find a match
     const command = deref(commandArg)
 
+    // Apply command-specific configs from [command] sections in .npmrc files
+    this.config.applyCommand(command)
+
     await this.#display.load({
       command,
       loglevel: this.config.get('loglevel'),

tap-snapshots/test/lib/commands/config.js.test.cjs

@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ exports[`test/lib/commands/config.js TAP config list --json > output matches sna
   "call": "",
   "cert": null,
   "cidr": null,
+  "command": null,
   "commit-hooks": true,
   "cpu": null,
   "depth": null,
@@ -211,6 +212,7 @@ call = ""
 cert = null
 cidr = null
 ; color = {COLOR}
+command = null
 commit-hooks = true
 cpu = null
 depth = null

tap-snapshots/test/lib/commands/install.js.test.cjs

@@ -135,8 +135,8 @@ verbose stack Error: The developer of this package has specified the following t
 verbose stack Invalid devEngines.runtime
 verbose stack Invalid name "nondescript" does not match "node" for "runtime"
 verbose stack     at Install.checkDevEngines ({CWD}/lib/base-cmd.js:247:27)
-verbose stack     at MockNpm.execCommandClass ({CWD}/lib/npm.js:292:7)
-verbose stack     at MockNpm.exec ({CWD}/lib/npm.js:193:9)
+verbose stack     at MockNpm.execCommandClass ({CWD}/lib/npm.js:295:7)
+verbose stack     at MockNpm.exec ({CWD}/lib/npm.js:196:9)
 error code EBADDEVENGINES
 error EBADDEVENGINES The developer of this package has specified the following through devEngines
 error EBADDEVENGINES Invalid devEngines.runtime
@@ -200,8 +200,8 @@ verbose stack Error: The developer of this package has specified the following t
 verbose stack Invalid devEngines.runtime
 verbose stack Invalid name "nondescript" does not match "node" for "runtime"
 verbose stack     at Install.checkDevEngines ({CWD}/lib/base-cmd.js:247:27)
-verbose stack     at MockNpm.execCommandClass ({CWD}/lib/npm.js:292:7)
-verbose stack     at MockNpm.exec ({CWD}/lib/npm.js:193:9)
+verbose stack     at MockNpm.execCommandClass ({CWD}/lib/npm.js:295:7)
+verbose stack     at MockNpm.exec ({CWD}/lib/npm.js:196:9)
 error code EBADDEVENGINES
 error EBADDEVENGINES The developer of this package has specified the following through devEngines
 error EBADDEVENGINES Invalid devEngines.runtime
@@ -226,8 +226,8 @@ verbose stack Error: The developer of this package has specified the following t
 verbose stack Invalid devEngines.runtime
 verbose stack Invalid name "nondescript" does not match "node" for "runtime"
 verbose stack     at Install.checkDevEngines ({CWD}/lib/base-cmd.js:247:27)
-verbose stack     at MockNpm.execCommandClass ({CWD}/lib/npm.js:292:7)
-verbose stack     at MockNpm.exec ({CWD}/lib/npm.js:193:9)
+verbose stack     at MockNpm.execCommandClass ({CWD}/lib/npm.js:295:7)
+verbose stack     at MockNpm.exec ({CWD}/lib/npm.js:196:9)
 error code EBADDEVENGINES
 error EBADDEVENGINES The developer of this package has specified the following through devEngines
 error EBADDEVENGINES Invalid devEngines.runtime

tap-snapshots/test/lib/docs.js.test.cjs

@@ -414,6 +414,19 @@ true, then only prints color codes for tty file descriptors.
 
 
 
+#### \`command\`
+
+* Default: null
+* Type: null or String
+
+When used with \`npm config set\`, \`npm config get\`, or \`npm config delete\`,
+specifies the command section to target. For example, \`npm config set
+registry=https://registry.npmjs.org/ --command=publish\` will set the
+registry only for the \`publish\` command by writing it under a \`[publish]\`
+section in the .npmrc file.
+
+
+
 #### \`commit-hooks\`
 
 * Default: true
@@ -2276,6 +2289,7 @@ Array [
   "cert",
   "cidr",
   "color",
+  "command",
   "commit-hooks",
   "cpu",
   "depth",
@@ -2578,6 +2592,7 @@ Array [
 
 exports[`test/lib/docs.js TAP config > keys that are not flattened 1`] = `
 Array [
+  "command",
   "expect-result-count",
   "expect-results",
   "init-author-email",
@@ -3169,7 +3184,7 @@ npm config fix
 
 Options:
 [--json] [-g|--global] [--editor <editor>] [-L|--location <global|user|project>]
-[-l|--long]
+[-l|--long] [--command <command>]
 
   --json
     Whether or not to output JSON data, rather than the normal output.
@@ -3186,6 +3201,9 @@ Options:
   -l|--long
     Show extended information in \`ls\`, \`search\`, and \`help-search\`.
 
+  --command
+    When used with \`npm config set\`, \`npm config get\`, or
+
 
 alias: c
 
@@ -3209,6 +3227,7 @@ Note: This command is unaware of workspaces.
 #### \`editor\`
 #### \`location\`
 #### \`long\`
+#### \`command\`
 `
 
 exports[`test/lib/docs.js TAP usage dedupe > must match snapshot 1`] = `

workspaces/config/lib/definitions/definitions.js

@@ -466,6 +466,17 @@ const definitions = {
         : !!process.stderr.isTTY
     },
   }),
+  command: new Definition('command', {
+    default: null,
+    type: [null, String],
+    description: `
+      When used with \`npm config set\`, \`npm config get\`, or
+      \`npm config delete\`, specifies the command section to target.
+      For example, \`npm config set registry=https://registry.npmjs.org/
+      --command=publish\` will set the registry only for the \`publish\`
+      command by writing it under a \`[publish]\` section in the .npmrc file.
+    `,
+  }),
   'commit-hooks': new Definition('commit-hooks', {
     default: true,
     type: Boolean,