chore(deps): bump golang from 69a7b8c to c0a2bd0 in /image (#6891)

[ti-chi-bot]

This is an automated cherry-pick of #6891

Bumps golang from 69a7b8c to c0a2bd0.

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[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 37.61%. Comparing base (e5ddd8b) to head (3741acd).

Additional details and impacted files

@@             Coverage Diff              @@
##           release-2.1    #6896   +/-   ##
============================================
  Coverage        37.61%   37.61%           
============================================
  Files              392      392           
  Lines            22483    22483           
============================================
  Hits              8458     8458           
  Misses           14025    14025           

Flag	Coverage Δ
unittest	37.61% <ø> (ø)

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[liubog2008]

/lgtm

[ti-chi-bot]

[LGTM Timeline notifier]

Timeline:

• 2026-05-16 02:17:06.855183799 +0000 UTC m=+61499.340587469: ☑️ agreed by liubog2008.

[liubog2008]

/retest

[liubog2008]

/lgtm
/cherry-pick release-2.1

[ti-chi-bot]

@liubog2008: once the present PR merges, I will cherry-pick it on top of release-2.1 in the new PR and assign it to you.

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In response to this:

/lgtm
/cherry-pick release-2.1

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[ti-chi-bot]

[APPROVALNOTIFIER] This PR is APPROVED

This pull-request has been approved by: liubog2008

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[ti-chi-bot]

@ti-chi-bot: The following test failed, say /retest to rerun all failed tests or /retest-required to rerun all mandatory failed tests:

Test name	Commit	Details	Required	Rerun command
pull-e2e	3741acd	link	true	/test pull-e2e

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