gh-152692: Fix annotationlib.type_repr() for bound built-in methods

[tonghuaroot]

type_repr() returned a string naming a nonexistent module None -- e.g.
type_repr([].append) == 'None.list.append' -- for bound built-in methods,
whose __module__ is None.

Return the qualified name when __module__ is None, as already done for the
"builtins" module. This also covers C-accelerator functions such as
random.random. annotations_to_string and
get_annotations(format=Format.STRING) are fixed transitively when an
annotation value is such a method.

• Issue: annotationlib.type_repr() returns "None.list.append" for bound built-in methods #152692

[JelleZijlstra]

This is incorrect for extension classes that are not in the builtins module.

>>> print(datetime.datetime.now().isoformat.__module__)
None

[bedevere-app]

A Python core developer has requested some changes be made to your pull request before we can consider merging it. If you could please address their requests along with any other requests in other reviews from core developers that would be appreciated.

Once you have made the requested changes, please leave a comment on this pull request containing the phrase I have made the requested changes; please review again. I will then notify any core developers who have left a review that you're ready for them to take another look at this pull request.

[tonghuaroot]

Good catch. When __module__ is None I now recover the real module from __self__, so extension-type methods like datetime.datetime.isoformat keep their module.

I have made the requested changes; please review again

[bedevere-app]

Thanks for making the requested changes!

@sobolevn, @JelleZijlstra: please review the changes made to this pull request.