Refactor TuringMachine API design

README.md

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
   <img src=".github/tur-logo.png" width="400" />
 </p>
 
-**Tur** is a language for defining and executing Turing machines, complete with parser, interpreter, and multi-platform visualization tools.
+**Tur** is a language for defining and executing Turing machines, complete with parser, interpreter, and multi-platform visualization tools. It supports both single-tape and multi-tape configurations.
 
 <table>
   <thead>
@@ -133,16 +133,17 @@ state:
 
 ### Special Symbols
 
-- The underscore (`"_"`) is a special symbol used to represent a blank character.
+- The underscore (`_`) is a special symbol used to represent a blank character in program definitions.
 - Any other character or unicode string can be used as tape symbols.
+- The blank symbol can be customized using the `blank:` directive in the program.
 
 ## Platforms
 
 ### Command Line Interface (CLI)
 
 ```bash
 # Run a program
-cargo run --package tur-cli -- examples/binary-addition.tur
+cargo run --package tur-cli -- -p examples/binary-addition.tur
 ```
 
 ### Terminal User Interface (TUI)

examples/README.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Turing Machine Programs
 
-This directory contains example Turing machine programs in `.tur` format. These programs can be loaded and executed by the Turing machine simulator.
+This directory contains example Turing machine programs in `.tur` format. These programs demonstrate both single-tape and multi-tape Turing machine capabilities and can be loaded and executed by the Turing machine simulator across all platforms (CLI, TUI, and Web).
 
 ## File Format
 
@@ -12,38 +12,60 @@ Turing machine programs are defined in a simple text format with the `.tur` exte
 
 ### Example
 
-```
+```tur
 name: Simple Test
 tape: a
-transitions:
+rules:
   start:
     a -> b, R, halt
   halt:
 ```
 
 ### Syntax
 
-The `.tur` file format uses a structured syntax parsed by a Pest grammar:
+The `.tur` file format uses a structured syntax parsed by a Pest grammar with comprehensive validation:
 
 - **Name**: Specified with `name:` followed by the program name
-- **Tape**: Specified with `tape:` followed by comma-separated initial tape symbols (for single-tape machines)
-- **Tapes**: Specified with `tapes:` followed by multiple lines of tape definitions for multi-tape machines:
-  ```
-  tapes:
-    - [a, b, c]
-    - [x, y, z]
-  ```
-- **Head**: Specified with `head:` followed by the initial head position (default: 0)
-- **Heads**: Specified with `heads:` followed by an array of initial head positions for multi-tape machines:
-  ```
-  heads: [0, 0]
-  ```
-- **Blank**: Specified with `blank:` followed by the symbol to use for blank cells (default: '-')
-- **Transitions**: Specified with `transitions:` followed by state definitions
+- **Tape Configuration**:
+  - **Single-tape**: `tape: symbol1, symbol2, symbol3`
+  - **Multi-tape**: 
+    ```tur
+    tapes:
+      [a, b, c]
+      [x, y, z]
+    ```
+- **Head Positions** (optional):
+  - **Single-tape**: `head: 0` (defaults to 0)
+  - **Multi-tape**: `heads: [0, 0]` (defaults to all zeros)
+- **Blank Symbol**: `blank: _` (defaults to space character)
+- **Transition Rules**: Specified with `rules:` followed by state definitions
   - Each state is defined by its name followed by a colon
-  - Each transition rule is indented (2 spaces or tabs) and specifies:
-    - For single-tape machines: `symbol -> new_symbol, direction, next_state`
-    - For multi-tape machines: `[symbol1, symbol2, ...] -> [new1, new2, ...], [dir1, dir2, ...], next_state`
-    - The direction to move: `R`/`>` (right), `L`/`<` (left), `S`/`-` (stay)
-    - The next state to transition to
-  - If `-> new_symbol` is omitted, the read symbol is preserved
+  - Each transition rule is indented and specifies:
+    - **Single-tape**: `symbol -> new_symbol, direction, next_state`
+    - **Multi-tape**: `[sym1, sym2] -> [new1, new2], [dir1, dir2], next_state`
+    - **Directions**: `R`/`>` (right), `L`/`<` (left), `S`/`-` (stay)
+    - **Write-only transitions**: If `-> new_symbol` is omitted, the read symbol is preserved
+  - The first state defined is automatically the initial state
+- **Comments**: Use `#` for line comments and inline comments
+- **Special Symbols**: 
+  - `_` represents the blank symbol in program definitions
+  - Any Unicode character can be used as tape symbols
+  - The blank symbol can be customized with the `blank:` directive
+
+## Available Examples
+
+### Single-Tape Programs
+- **binary-addition.tur**: Adds two binary numbers
+- **binary-counter.tur**: Increments a binary number
+- **busy-beaver-3.tur**: Classic 3-state busy beaver
+- **event-number-checker.tur**: Checks if a number is even
+- **palindrome.tur**: Checks if input is a palindrome
+- **subtraction.tur**: Subtracts two numbers
+
+### Multi-Tape Programs
+- **multi-tape-addition.tur**: Addition using multiple tapes
+- **multi-tape-compare.tur**: Compares content across tapes
+- **multi-tape-copy.tur**: Copies content from one tape to another
+- **multi-tape-example.tur**: Basic multi-tape demonstration
+
+Each program includes comprehensive comments explaining the algorithm and state transitions.

platforms/cli/Cargo.toml

@@ -17,3 +17,4 @@ path = "src/main.rs"
 [dependencies]
 tur = { path = "../../", version = "0.1.0" }
 clap = { version = "4.0", features = ["derive"] }
+atty = "0.2.14"

platforms/cli/src/main.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 use clap::Parser;
+use std::io::{self, BufRead};
 use std::path::Path;
 use tur::loader::ProgramLoader;
 use tur::machine::TuringMachine;
@@ -30,53 +31,94 @@ fn main() {
             std::process::exit(1);
         }
     };
-    let mut machine = TuringMachine::new(&program);
+    let mut machine = TuringMachine::new(program);
 
-    for (i, input_str) in cli.input.iter().enumerate() {
-        if i < machine.tapes.len() {
-            machine.tapes[i] = input_str.chars().collect();
+    // Get tape inputs from either CLI args or stdin
+    let tapes = match read_tape_inputs(&cli.input) {
+        Ok(inputs) => inputs,
+        Err(e) => {
+            eprintln!("{}", e);
+            std::process::exit(1);
+        }
+    };
+
+    // Set tape contents if any inputs were provided
+    if !tapes.is_empty() {
+        if let Err(e) = machine.set_tapes_content(&tapes) {
+            eprintln!("Error setting tape content: {}", e);
+            std::process::exit(1);
         }
     }
 
     if cli.debug {
-        let print_state = |machine: &TuringMachine| {
-            let tapes_str = machine
-                .get_tapes_as_strings()
-                .iter()
-                .map(|s| s.to_string())
-                .collect::<Vec<String>>()
-                .join(", ");
-
-            println!(
-                "Step: {}, State: {}, Tapes: [{}], Heads: {:?}",
-                machine.get_step_count(),
-                machine.get_state(),
-                tapes_str,
-                machine.get_head_positions()
-            );
-        };
-
-        print_state(&machine);
-
-        loop {
-            match machine.step() {
-                ExecutionResult::Continue => {
-                    print_state(&machine);
-                }
-                ExecutionResult::Halt => {
-                    println!("\nMachine halted.");
-                    break;
-                }
-                ExecutionResult::Error(e) => {
-                    println!("\nMachine error: {}", e);
-                    break;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        println!("\nFinal tapes:");
+        run_with_debug(&mut machine);
     } else {
         machine.run_to_completion();
     }
 
     println!("{}", machine.get_tapes_as_strings().join("\n"));
 }
+
+/// Runs the Turing machine with debug output, printing each step.
+fn run_with_debug(machine: &mut TuringMachine) {
+    let print_state = |machine: &TuringMachine| {
+        let tapes_str = machine
+            .get_tapes_as_strings()
+            .iter()
+            .map(|s| s.to_string())
+            .collect::<Vec<String>>()
+            .join(", ");
+
+        println!(
+            "Step: {}, State: {}, Tapes: [{}], Heads: {:?}",
+            machine.step_count(),
+            machine.state(),
+            tapes_str,
+            machine.head_positions()
+        );
+    };
+
+    print_state(machine);
+
+    loop {
+        match machine.step() {
+            ExecutionResult::Continue => {
+                print_state(machine);
+            }
+            ExecutionResult::Halt => {
+                println!("\nMachine halted.");
+                break;
+            }
+            ExecutionResult::Error(e) => {
+                println!("\nMachine error: {}", e);
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    println!("\nFinal tapes:");
+}
+
+/// Gets tape input from either command line arguments or stdin.
+/// Returns a vector of strings representing the content for each tape.
+fn read_tape_inputs(inputs: &[String]) -> Result<Vec<String>, String> {
+    if !inputs.is_empty() {
+        // Use command line inputs
+        Ok(inputs.to_vec())
+    } else if !atty::is(atty::Stream::Stdin) {
+        // Read from stdin, each line represents a tape
+        let stdin = io::stdin();
+        let mut tape_inputs = Vec::new();
+
+        for line in stdin.lock().lines() {
+            match line {
+                Ok(content) => tape_inputs.push(content),
+                Err(e) => return Err(format!("Error reading from stdin: {}", e)),
+            }
+        }
+
+        Ok(tape_inputs)
+    } else {
+        // No input provided
+        Ok(Vec::new())
+    }
+}

platforms/tui/src/app.rs

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ pub struct App {
 impl App {
     pub fn new_default() -> Self {
         let program = ProgramManager::get_program_by_index(0).unwrap();
-        let machine = TuringMachine::new(&program);
+        let machine = TuringMachine::new(program);
 
         Self {
             machine,
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ impl App {
     pub fn new_from_program_string(program_content: String) -> Result<Self, String> {
         let program: Program = ProgramLoader::load_program_from_string(&program_content)
             .map_err(|e| format!("Failed to load program: {}", e))?;
-        let machine = TuringMachine::new(&program);
+        let machine = TuringMachine::new(program);
 
         Ok(Self {
             machine,
@@ -174,8 +174,8 @@ impl App {
     }
 
     fn render_tapes(&self, f: &mut Frame, area: Rect) {
-        let tapes = self.machine.get_tapes();
-        let head_positions = self.machine.get_head_positions();
+        let tapes = self.machine.tapes();
+        let head_positions = self.machine.head_positions();
         let tape_count = tapes.len();
 
         let mut text_lines = Vec::new();
@@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ impl App {
             let current_symbol = if head_pos < tape.len() {
                 tape[head_pos]
             } else {
-                self.machine.get_blank_symbol()
+                self.machine.blank_symbol()
             };
             let head_indicator = format!(
                 "Head at position: {} (symbol: '{}')",
@@ -245,8 +245,8 @@ impl App {
     }
 
     fn render_machine_state(&self, f: &mut Frame, area: Rect) {
-        let state = self.machine.get_state();
-        let step_count = self.machine.get_step_count();
+        let state = self.machine.state();
+        let step_count = self.machine.step_count();
         let is_halted = self.machine.is_halted();
 
         let (status_text, status_color) = if is_halted {
@@ -291,8 +291,8 @@ impl App {
     }
 
     fn render_rules(&self, f: &mut Frame, area: Rect) {
-        let tape_count = self.machine.get_tapes().len();
-        let current_state = self.machine.get_state();
+        let tape_count = self.machine.tapes().len();
+        let current_state = self.machine.state();
         let current_symbols = self.machine.get_current_symbols();
 
         let mut items = Vec::new();
@@ -346,7 +346,7 @@ impl App {
     }
 
     fn render_help(&self, f: &mut Frame, area: Rect) {
-        let tape_count = self.machine.get_tapes().len();
+        let tape_count = self.machine.tapes().len();
 
         let help_text = vec![
             Line::from("Controls:"),
@@ -408,7 +408,7 @@ impl App {
 
         match self.machine.step() {
             ExecutionResult::Continue => {
-                self.message = format!("Step {} completed", self.machine.get_step_count());
+                self.message = format!("Step {} completed", self.machine.step_count());
             }
             ExecutionResult::Halt => {
                 self.message = "Machine halted".to_string();
@@ -470,12 +470,13 @@ impl App {
 
     fn load_current_program(&mut self) {
         let program = ProgramManager::get_program_by_index(self.current_program_index).unwrap();
-        self.machine = TuringMachine::new(&program);
+        let tape_count = program.tapes.len();
+        let program_name = program.name.clone();
+        self.machine = TuringMachine::new(program);
         self.auto_play = false;
         self.scroll_offset = 0;
 
-        let tape_count = program.tapes.len();
-        self.message = format!("Loaded {}-tape program: {}", tape_count, program.name);
+        self.message = format!("Loaded {}-tape program: {}", tape_count, program_name);
     }
 
     pub fn toggle_help(&mut self) {