AM-41 Colour Sensor RGB Controller

Arduino UNO + TCS3200 Colour Sensor + RGB LED + 16×2 LCD

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Project Overview

The AM-41 Colour Sensor RGB Controller is an Arduino-based colour detection system designed to identify the dominant colour of an object and provide a corresponding visual indication.

The system uses a TCS3200 colour sensor to detect Red, Green, and Blue components. The Arduino UNO processes the sensor readings, displays the detected colour on a 16×2 LCD, and activates the corresponding RGB LED.

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Key Features

• Real-time colour detection
• Detection of Red, Green, and Blue colours
• TCS3200 frequency-based colour sensing
• Automatic RGB LED control
• 16×2 LCD colour display
• Arduino UNO based control system
• Simple and low-cost implementation

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Components Used

Component	Purpose
Arduino UNO	Main controller
TCS3200 Colour Sensor	Detects the colour of an object
16×2 LCD	Displays the detected colour
Red LED	Indicates Red detection
Green LED	Indicates Green detection
Blue LED	Indicates Blue detection
Resistors	LED current limiting
Perfboard	Circuit assembly
Jumper Wires	Electrical connections

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Pin Configuration

TCS3200 Colour Sensor

TCS3200	Arduino UNO
S0	A0
S1	A1
S2	A2
S3	A3
OUT	A4

16×2 LCD

LCD	Arduino UNO
RS	D8
EN	D9
D4	D10
D5	D11
D6	D12
D7	D13

RGB LED

LED	Arduino UNO
Red	D3
Green	D5
Blue	D6

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Working Principle

The TCS3200 colour sensor detects the intensity of different colour components and produces a corresponding frequency output.

The Arduino UNO reads the sensor output for:

• Red
• Green
• Blue

These values are compared to determine the dominant colour.

The detected colour is then displayed on the LCD and the corresponding LED is activated.

Detection Process

Coloured Object
       ↓
TCS3200 Colour Sensor
       ↓
Red / Green / Blue Readings
       ↓
Arduino UNO
       ↓
Colour Detection
       ↓
 ┌─────┴─────┐
 ↓           ↓
LCD       RGB LED
Display   Indication

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Colour Detection

Detected Colour	LED Indication	LCD Display
Red	Red LED ON	RED
Green	Green LED ON	GREEN
Blue	Blue LED ON	BLUE
Unknown	All LEDs OFF	UNKNOWN

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Output

The system provides two outputs:

LCD Display

Detected:
RED

RGB LED

The LED corresponding to the detected colour is activated.

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Applications

• Colour detection systems
• Colour sorting
• Object identification
• Robotics projects
• Embedded systems
• Educational projects
• Automation systems

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Limitations

The detection accuracy can be affected by:

• Ambient lighting
• Distance between the sensor and object
• Surface reflectivity
• Object colour intensity
• Sensor calibration

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Future Improvements

• Automatic sensor calibration
• Improved colour classification
• Ambient light compensation
• Detection of additional colours
• Automatic colour sorting
• IoT-based monitoring