Fix potential crashes and unhandled exceptions in cli utility helpers (Batch 3)

[Ra229287]

This PR fixes bugs #236 to #240.

Packet

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    "severity": "medium",
    "title": "Potential unhandled crashes in cli utility helpers (Batch 3)",
    "actual_behavior": "Various CLI parameters, environment definitions, and helper outputs crashed with raw tracebacks when variables did not conform to expected formats.",
    "expected_behavior": "All helper functions should gracefully check parameter structures and parameter types, falling back to safe defaults without tracebacks.",
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      "Pass invalid types to sha256_bytes",
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      "Pass invalid types to parse_version_tuple"
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    "affected_workflow": "CLI Utility life-cycle"
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