fix: Return 400 for malformed request bodies

src/main/java/com/retailsvc/http/internal/RequestPreparationFilter.java

@@ -243,7 +243,16 @@ private ParsedBody validateAndParseBody(HttpExchange exchange, Operation op, byt
           new ValidationError(
               BODY_POINTER, "content-type", "unsupported content type: " + mediaType, null));
     }
-    Object parsed = mapper.readFrom(body, header);
+    Object parsed;
+    try {
+      parsed = mapper.readFrom(body, header);
+    } catch (RuntimeException e) {
+      // Body could not be parsed (e.g. malformed JSON). Untrusted input -> 400, not 500.
+      LOG.debug("Failed to parse request body", e);
+      throw new ValidationException(
+          new ValidationError(
+              BODY_POINTER, "malformed", "request body is not valid " + mediaType, null));
+    }
     if (mediaType.equals("application/x-www-form-urlencoded") && parsed instanceof Map<?, ?> map) {
       @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
       Map<String, Object> typed = (Map<String, Object>) map;

src/test/java/com/retailsvc/http/OpenApiServerIT.java

@@ -127,6 +127,28 @@ void postDataShouldReturnJsonBody() {
       }
     }
 
+    @Test
+    void postDataShouldReturnBadRequestOnMalformedJson() throws Exception {
+      try (var server = newServer(Map.of("post-data", new EchoHandler()));
+          var client = httpClient()) {
+
+        // Double comma after a property is invalid JSON; must be 400, not 500.
+        var body = "{\"id\":\"some-id\",,\"age\":42}";
+        var headers = Map.of("correlation-id", UUID.randomUUID().toString());
+        var request = newRequest(server, path, "POST", ofString(body), headers);
+
+        var response = client.send(request, BodyHandlers.ofString());
+        var statusCode = response.statusCode();
+        var contentType = response.headers().firstValue("Content-Type").orElse("");
+        var responseBody = response.body();
+
+        assertThat(statusCode).isEqualTo(400);
+        assertThat(contentType).contains("application/problem+json");
+        assertThat(responseBody).contains("keyword");
+        assertThat(responseBody).contains("pointer");
+      }
+    }
+
     @Test
     void postDataShouldReturnBadRequestOnMissingRequiredProperties() {
       Map<String, RequestHandler> handlers = Map.of("post-data", new EchoHandler());
@@ -217,7 +239,7 @@ void listObjectsShouldReturnJsonBody() {
     }
 
     @Test
-    void listObjectsShouldReturnBadRequestOnPassingObjectInsteadOfArray() {
+    void listObjectsShouldReturnBadRequestOnPassingObjectInsteadOfArray() throws Exception {
       try (var server = newServer(Map.of("post-list-objects", new EchoHandler()));
           var client = httpClient()) {
 
@@ -235,12 +257,6 @@ void listObjectsShouldReturnBadRequestOnPassingObjectInsteadOfArray() {
         assertThat(contentType).contains("application/problem+json");
         assertThat(responseBody).contains("keyword");
         assertThat(responseBody).contains("pointer");
-
-      } catch (IOException e) {
-        fail(e);
-      } catch (InterruptedException e) {
-        Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
-        fail(e);
       }
     }
   }
@@ -448,7 +464,7 @@ void postShapeUnknownKindReturns400() {
     }
 
     @Test
-    void postShapeMissingDiscriminatorReturns400() {
+    void postShapeMissingDiscriminatorReturns400() throws Exception {
       // omitting "kind" makes both branches fail "required".
       try (var server = newServer(Map.of("post-shape", new EchoHandler()));
           var client = httpClient()) {
@@ -464,11 +480,6 @@ void postShapeMissingDiscriminatorReturns400() {
         // Both branches fail identically at /kind required -> de-duplicated to one entry.
         assertThat(response.body()).contains("\"errors\"").contains("#/kind");
         assertThat(response.body().split("#/kind", -1)).hasSize(2); // exactly one occurrence
-      } catch (IOException e) {
-        fail(e);
-      } catch (InterruptedException e) {
-        Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
-        fail(e);
       }
     }
   }