build: migrate to uv, add ruff/ty, format all files

[FIrgolitsch]

Stacked PR 1/13 — review order: #95 → #97 → #98 → #99 → #100 → #101 → #108 → #106 → #107 → #87 → #109 → #110 → #111

Base: main. After merge, the rest of the chain rebases onto main automatically.

---

PR #95 — Build Tooling & Formatting

Migrates the build system to modern Python tooling and applies consistent formatting across the codebase. Prerequisite for all other stacked PRs (#87, #97–#111).

Build system: setup.py → uv + pyproject.toml

• Full pyproject.toml: project metadata, core deps, optional extras (gpu, gpu-cuda12, gpu-cuda13, docs, dev), entries in [project.scripts]
• uv.lock for reproducible resolution
• Remove setup.py, requirements.txt, requirements-pytest.txt
• Dockerfile updated to use uv

Lint & format: ruff + ty

• [tool.ruff] — target py312, line-length 127, rules E/F/W/I/UP/B/RUF/SIM/C4/PIE/PTH
• [tool.ruff.lint.isort] — _thread_config in its own section (must import before numpy/jax to set thread caps)
• [tool.ty] — linumpy-only, py312, cupy/cupyx/numba → Any, relaxed overrides for tests and GPU modules
• .pre-commit-config.yaml — ruff-format, ruff lint (--fix), ty (advisory / non-blocking)
• ruff format applied to all Python files; ruff check --fix applied (import ordering, f-strings, type upgrades, PTH replacements where safe)

CI & Docker

• .github/workflows/python-app.yml — astral-sh/setup-uv@v5, uv sync, uv run ruff, uv run ty, uv run pytest
• Dockerfile switched from pip to uv

Other

• linumpy/py.typed marker
• .gitignore additions for uv / ty caches and local benchmark outputs

Notes

• Some pre-existing lint warnings remain (a few PTH/SIM/E501) — will be mopped up in the dependent PRs as they touch those files
• [project.scripts] here only contains scripts present at the branch point; each stacked PR adds its own entries

[CHrlS98]

I know it as mostly formatting but I still went through all the files. It has been a good opportunity to get back into the code. I have a few comments of course. Hopefully there are not too many other 125 files PR 🥲

[FIrgolitsch]

Superseded by #115 — main has been restored to its original commit f0df3bf4 (same content), and a fresh PR was opened on the same branch pr-a-build-tooling since GitHub permanently locked this one after the earlier force-push to main.